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. 2023 Mar 23;14:1599. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-36688-6

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 4 — a Front-viewed, b side-viewed, and c runner-viewed photograph of the homemade MEA configuration (100 cm²). d CO and H₂ Faradaic efficiencies on the Co-CNTs-MW catalyst in the range of current from 1 to 10 A in the MEA sized of 100 cm². The error bars represent the standard deviation of three measurements. e The single-pass conversion of Co-CNTs-MW catalyst compared with CO₂RR electrocatalysts (CO₂ flow rate: 80 sccm from 1 to 5 A and 150 sccm from 8 to 10 A). More details were summarized in Table S6. f Spider chart comparing the performance metrics constructed from the data published for CO₂-to-CO electrolyzers. g Long-term electrolysis under a current of 2 A in MEA sized of 100 cm² (0.1 M KHCO₃). After 50 h of amperage-current electrolysis under a current of 2 A, the catalyst still behaves FE_CO nearly over 90%, and exhibits FE_CO of 85.6% after 60 h. The cell voltage keeps around ~2.88 V when excluding the external resistance (~3.10 V without excluding the external resistance) during the electrolysis. The loading of Co-CNTs-MW is 1.0 mg cm⁻².