Table 1.

Ubiquitin and phosphoryl sites of RIPK1.

Sites	Modification type	Associated enzyme	Action	Ref.
S25	Phosphorylation	Phosphorylation: IKK Dephosphorylation: PPP1R3G	Inhibition of kinase activity and necroptosis	(32, 33)
S161, S166	Phosphorylation	Autophosphorylation	Induction of necroptosis and inflammatory response	(30, 31)
T189	Phosphorylation	Phosphorylation: IKK	Inhibition of kinase activity	(34)
S321, S336 (Human S336)	Phosphorylation	Phosphorylation: MK2, TAK	Inhibition of kinase activity	(35–37)
K45, D138	K45A mutation; D138N mutation	–	Kinase active site, promotes TNF-α-induced cell death	(26, 29, 65)
K115	M1, K63	PELI1: K63, M1	Activates the NF-κB pathway, regulates RIPK1 autophosphorylation, RIPK3 phosphorylation, and MLKL phosphorylation	(13, 38)
K376 (Human K377)	K63, K11, M1	CIAP1/2: K63, M1 MIB2: K11, K48, K63 Parkin: K63	Activation of IKK, NF-κB, and MAPK pathways, inhibition of RIPK1 kinase activity, inhibition of complex II assembly	(13, 38, 40, 66)
K612 (Human K627)	K63, M1	LUBAC: M1	Activates NF-κB, assists RIPK1 autophosphorylation, and inhibits necroptosis in the TLR3/4 pathway	(42, 43)
K584 (Human K599)	–	–	Facilitates complex II formation and RIPK1 dimer formation	(41)