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. 2023 Apr 5;14:1163694. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1163694

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Copyright © 2023 Chen, Zhao, Mei, Zhao, Han, Liu, Meng, Li, Zhong, Wang and Li.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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VC and VD₃ ameliorated oxidative stress and inflammation in the gut-liver axis in obese mice. (A) SOD of the liver and ileum. (B) MDA of the liver and ileum. (C) Gene expression of C/EBP-homologous protein in the ileum of mice. (D) Proinflammation-associated gene expression in the liver. (E) Proinflammation-associated gene expression of the ileum. The gene level in the ND group was set as 1, and the relative fold increases were determined by comparison with the ND group. (F) Serum TNFα. (G) Serum IL-1β. (H) Serum IL-6. Data are shown as the means ± SDs (n = 12 mice/group), *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001.