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. 2023 Apr 5;17:1096720. doi: 10.3389/fnbeh.2023.1096720

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Copyright © 2023 Isotalus, Carr, Blackman, Averill, Radtke, Selwood, Williams, Ford, McCullagh, McErlane, O’Donnell, Durant, Bartsch, Jones, Muñoz-Neira, Wearn, Grogan and Coulthard.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Model of dopamine modulation of memory. Some routine information forms a stronger (yellow) memory engram than other routine information (green), for example due to re-exposure or salience. While capacity for overall consolidation remains the same, an increase in dopamine availability causes destabilisation and preferential forgetting of weak engrams. Dopamine modulates this memory selection by enhancing synchronisation in cortical firing patterns during spindles, at the peak of slow-waves. Together these two processes (enhanced forgetting and cortical synchronisation) bias subsequent memory.