Table 3:
Summary of demographic information of studies
| Author/Year | Purpose | Task | Results |
|---|---|---|---|
| Messier et al. 1990 (38) | Relationships exist between selected biomechanical factors runners with PFP and healthy individuals | Running | The PFP group demonstrated that Fz1 were decreased and no significant difference was observed in the Fz2 |
| Radin et al. 1991 (23) | The kinematic and kinetic examined the behavior of the legs of young adult with PFP patients | Walking | The Fz1 and Fz2 tended to decreased and increased in PFP patients, respectively |
| Powers et al. 1999 (20) | The determine if PFP patients demonstrate excessive lower limb loading | Walking | The Fz1 for the PFP group was decreased during both free and fast walking |
| Duffey et al. 2000 (37) | The examine differences between a non-injured and runners with PFP according to selected training, anthropometric, rear foot motion and GRF | Running | The PFP group demonstrated that Fz1 were decreased. No significant difference was observed in the Fz2 but was a tendency toward decreased in PFP group |
| Levinger et al. 2007 (36) | The measure rear foot and tibia motion and GRF in PFP patients compare to healthy individuals | Walking | There was no significant difference in the Fz1 and Fz2; but there is a tendency to decrease both peak forces in PFP patients. |
| Paoloni et al. 2010 (11) | The investigate Kinematic and kinetic features of normal level walking in PFP patients | Walking | There was no significant difference in the Fz1 but there is a tendency to force decrease in PFP patients |
| Saad et al. 2011 (15) | Evaluate the displacement area of the center of pressure, GRF in PFP patients compared to healthy individuals | Step up and step down | The PFP group show a Fz1 decrease in affected leg than not affected leg during the step-down activity, and Fz2 was increased in the step-up and decrease in the step down |
| Silva et al. 2015 (10) | The investigate differences in Fz1 and Fz2 between recreational female athletes with PFP and pain-free | Stair up | The PFP group demonstrated that Fz1 were decrease. No significant difference was observed in the Fz2 |
| Esculier et al. 2015 (35) | The compare GRF during treadmill running in recreational runners with and without PFP | Running | Fz1 have a tendency toward decreased in PFP group |
Abbreviations: PFP: patellofemoral pain, Fz1: impact/passive peak, Fz2: propulsive/active peak, GRF: Ground reaction force