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. 2023 Apr 19;20:28. doi: 10.1186/s12987-023-00431-6

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© This is a U.S. Government work and not under copyright protection in the US; foreign copyright protection may apply 2023

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 1 — Distribution of ¹²⁵I-insulin and ¹²⁵I-S961 following ICV delivery. Distribution of (A)¹²⁵I-insulin in serum and (B)¹²⁵I-insulin or (C)¹²⁵I-S961 throughout the brain was measured over time. There were significant differences over time for serum (one-way ANOVA *p < 0.05) and between brain regions (two-way ANOVA: time and region p < 0.05; post hoc analysis as marked: ^ap<0.05 hypothalamus vs. all other regions; ^bp<0.05 hypothalamus vs. hippocampus; ^cp<0.05 hypothalamus vs. olfactory bulb, frontal cortex, and cerebellum; ^dp<0.05 olfactory bulb vs. hippocampus, ^ep<0.05 hippocampus vs. olfactory bulb and frontal cortex; n = 2–4 /time point)