Table 3.
Comparing the predictive validity of the TFS and the TIS for willingness to pay (WTP) in the time perspective behavioral model (TPBM).
| Constructs | Temporal Focus Scale (TFS) | Temporal Importance Scale (TIS) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Std Beta | t-values | Std Beta | t-values | |
| Present → willingness to pay | 0.02 | 0.33ns | −0.16 | −3.16** |
| Future → willingness to pay | 0.12 | 2.07** | 0.18 | 3.63*** |
| Controlled variables | ||||
| Age | −0.18 | −4.19*** | −0.18 | −4.16*** |
| Gender | −0.08 | −1.81ns | −0.07 | −1.69ns |
| Married status | 0.03 | 0.67ns | 0.04 | 0.87ns |
| Education | 0.14 | 3.55*** | 0.14 | 3.41*** |
| Weight | −0.03 | −0.68ns | −0.03 | −0.67ns |
| Fit indices | ||||
| Chi-squared (df) | 309.04 (97) | 206.64 (71) | ||
| GFI | 0.942 | 0.956 | ||
| CFI | 0.950 | 0.967 | ||
| RMSEA | 0.059 | 0.055 | ||
| R2 (willingness to pay) | 7.4% | 8.5% | ||
ns
p > 0.05.
*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001.