TABLE 2.
Median and IQR of serum analyses based on Western specific reference model (WM) with ethnic correction compared with Thai specific reference model (TM) in both Down syndrome pregnancy and normal pregnancy (Down screening, Chiang Mai, Thailand, 2016–2021).
| Model | Down syndrome pregnancy (n = 74) | Normal pregnancy (n = 39,666) | p-value* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AFP | WM | 0.84 (0.65, 1.05) | 0.97 (0.77, 1.22) | <0.001 |
| TM | 0.71 (0.55, 0.87) | 0.99 (0.80, 1.23) | <0.001 | |
| p-value ** | <0.001 | 0.001 | ||
| Beta-hCG | WM | 2.92 (1.75, 4.42) | 0.99 (0.67, 1.5) | <0.001 |
| TM | 2.96 (1.78, 4.49) | 1 (0.68, 1.52) | <0.001 | |
| p-value** | 0.028 | 0.001 | ||
| uE3 | WM | 0.85 (0.62, 1.15) | 1.09 (0.87, 1.36) | <0.001 |
| TM | 0.79 (0.6, 1.08) | 1.02 (0.81, 1.28) | <0.001 | |
| p-value** | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||
| Inhibin-A | WM | 1.80 (1.22, 2.65) | 0.95 (0.73, 1.25) | <0.001 |
| TM | 1.75 (1.15, 2.63) | 0.96 (0.75–1.26) | <0.001 | |
| p-value** | <0.001 | 0.044 |
*p-value derived from Mann-Whitney test for comparison between fetuses with DS and unaffected fetuses; **p-value derived from Wilcoxon-Signed rank test for comparison between Quad test based on WM with ethnic correction and that based on TM.