TABLE 3.

Association of sex steroid hormone concentrations with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in men, NHANES III

		Model 1a		Model 2		Model 3		Model 4
Hormone	Quartilesb	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI
Total testosterone	1	1		1		1		1
	2	0.64	[0.38,1.08]	0.70	[0.42,1.18]	0.78	[0.46,1.32]	0.82	[0.46,1.46]
	3	0.24	[0.11,0.53]	0.23	[0.10,0.53]	0.41	[0.17,0.98]	0.44	[0.17,1.12]
	4	0.17	[0.06,0.49]	0.17	[0.06,0.47]	0.41	[0.18,0.95]	0.43	[0.18,1.00]
	P-trend		.002		.001		.036		.044
Free testosterone	1	1		1		1		1
	2	1.42	[0.76,2.65]	1.35	[0.70,2.62]	1.43	[0.66,3.07]	1.25	[0.60,2.62]
	3	0.55	[0.24,1.22]	0.55	[0.23,1.30]	0.69	[0.29,1.66]	0.56	[0.25,1.22]
	4	0.48	[0.18,1.29]	0.46	[0.15,1.41]	0.88	[0.32,2.44]	0.55	[0.21,1.46]
	P-trend		.06		.08		.48		.09
Total estradiol	1	1		1		1		1
	2	1.05	[0.63,1.74]	1.03	[0.63,1.68]	1.11	[0.71,1.73]	1.17	[0.76,1.82]
	3	0.88	[0.50,1.53]	0.88	[0.49,1.60]	0.68	[0.36,1.28]	0.84	[0.44,1.61]
	4	1.08	[0.59,1.98]	1.20	[0.61,2.38]	1.20	[0.55,2.58]	1.66	[0.82,3.38]
	P-trend		.96		.71		.97		.30
Free estradiol	1	1		1		1		1
	2	1.72	[0.88,3.37]	1.62	[0.81,3.22]	1.59	[0.92,2.74]	1.59	[0.96,2.62]
	3	1.58	[0.89,2.81]	1.71	[0.91,3.21]	1.24	[0.67,2.29]	1.45	[0.85,2.48]
	4	2.79	[1.58,4.91]	2.92	[1.50,5.69]	2.00	[0.98,4.10]	2.58	[1.28,5.24]
	P-trend		.002		.003		.10		.0128
SHBG	1	1		1		1		1
	2	0.47	[0.21,1.05]	0.52	[0.22,1.22]	0.78	[0.30,2.02]	0.90	[0.32,2.49]
	3	0.43	[0.20,0.92]	0.46	[0.22,0.99]	0.73	[0.30,1.78]	0.89	[0.33,2.43]
	4	0.17	[0.07,0.43]	0.20	[0.08,0.51]	0.44	[0.15,1.28]	0.64	[0.18,2.19]
	P-trend		<.001		.002		.11		.46
AAG	1	1		1		1
	2	0.86	[0.36,2.04]	0.88	[0.37,2.07]	0.77	[0.27,2.22]	—
	3	0.95	[0.44,2.07]	1.03	[0.48,2.20]	0.80	[0.35,1.84]
	4	0.86	[0.36,2.08]	0.90	[0.37,2.20]	0.90	[0.33,2.46]
	P-trend		.78		.90		.83

Abbreviations: AAG, androstanediol glucuronide; SHBG, sex hormone-binding globulin.

^aModel 1 adjusted for age and race.

Model 2 additionally adjusted for smoking, alcohol and physical activity. Model 3 additionally adjusted for waist circumference.

Model 4 as model 3, but mutual adjustment for hormones.

^bSee Table 2 for hormone concentrations per quartile.