TABLE 5.

Association of sex steroid hormone concentrations with high AST concentrations (>37 U/L) in men, NHANES III

		Model 1a		Model 2		Model 3		Model 4
Hormone	Quartilesb	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI
Total testosterone	1	1		1		1		1
	2	1.04	[0.57,1.90]	0.93	[0.46,1.87]	0.91	[0.43,1.94]	0.75	[0.32,1.77]
	3	0.23	[0.02,2.49]	0.19	[0.02,2.09]	0.22	[0.02,2.71]	0.16	[0.02,1.49]
	4	0.42	[0.17,1.07]	0.32	[0.13,0.79]	0.42	[0.16,1.07]	0.23	[0.04,1.20]
	P-Trend		.040		.007		.038		.009
Free testosterone	1	1		1		1		1
	2	0.32	[0.10,1.06]	0.30	[0.09,1.01]	0.28	[0.08,1.02]	0.22	[0.07,0.74]
	3	0.73	[0.33,1.63]	0.67	[0.29,1.55]	0.68	[0.27,1.76]	0.53	[0.20,1.43]
	4	0.27	[0.08,0.87]	0.22	[0.07,0.64]	0.26	[0.09,0.75]	0.13	[0.03,0.55]
	P-Trend		.05		.014		.031		.017
Total estradiol	1	1		1		1		1
	2	0.82	[0.13,4.99]	0.90	[0.13,5.99]	0.90	[0.14,6.02]	1.01	[0.11,8.97]
	3	1.09	[0.21,5.64]	1.33	[0.27,6.58]	1.11	[0.24,5.21]	1.50	[0.31,7.24]
	4	1.75	[0.67,4.60]	2.00	[0.57,7.07]	1.94	[0.56,6.67]	2.98	[0.68,13.01]
	P-Trend		.17		.16		.19		.08
Free estradiol	1	1		1		1		1
	2	1.19	[0.21,6.76]	1.33	[0.23,7.60]	1.22	[0.21,7.02]	1.71	[0.33,8.76]
	3	1.30	[0.21,7.83]	1.44	[0.24,8.74]	1.19	[0.21,6.68]	1.65	[0.30,8.95]
	4	1.92	[0.74,4.97]	2.19	[0.79,6.06]	1.74	[0.65,4.71]	3.93	[1.03,14.93]
	P-Trend		.16		.12		.28		.05
SHBG	1	1		1		1		1
	2	0.08	[0.02,0.43]	0.07	[0.01,0.40]	0.09	[0.01,0.58]	0.11	[0.01,0.85]
	3	0.59	[0.11,3.09]	0.53	[0.11,2.58]	0.69	[0.12,4.05]	1.00	[0.09,11.10]
	4	0.39	[0.10,1.52]	0.35	[0.08,1.47]	0.51	[0.09,3.00]	0.71	[0.07,7.62]
	P-Trend		.16		.58		.99		.75
AAG	1	1		1		1
	2	0.78	[0.33,1.84]	0.78	[0.32,1.94]	0.77	[0.28,2.13]
	3	0.61	[0.20,1.87]	0.62	[0.18,2.09]	0.53	[0.15,1.88]
	4	0.24	[0.05,1.24]	0.22	[0.04,1.16]	0.21	[0.04,1.26]
	P-Trend		.68		.07		.07

Abbreviations: AAG, androstanediol glucuronide; SHBG, sex hormone-binding globulin.

^aModel 1 adjusted for age and race.

Model 2 additionally adjusted for smoking, alcohol and physical activity. Model 3 additionally adjusted for waist circumference.

Model 4 as model 3, but mutual adjustment for hormones.

^bSee Table 2 for hormone concentrations per quartile.