Figure 3. Intra-operative images showing (1) aspiration of bone marrow from right iliac crest; (2) loading of Vitoss foam with BMA and PRP to be used as a scaffold/matrix; (3) two-step reaming process to decompress AVN lesion under image intensifier; (4) debridement of AVN lesion using curettage; (5-6) delivery of loaded Vitoss foam into the area of AVN.

AVN: avascular necrosis; BMA: bone marrow aspirate; PRP: platelet-rich plasma.