Table 1.

Patient demographics and key clinical features

	n (%)
Median age at LMD diagnosis (range)	43 (30–73) years
Male	14 (56)
Site of primary melanoma
Cutaneous	10 (40)
Primary CNS	3 (12)
Uveal	2 (8)
Acral lentiginous	1 (4)
Mucosal	1 (4)
Unknown	8 (32)
Melanoma mutation
BRAF V600E	15 (60)
BRAF V600K	1 (4)
GNA11/GNAQ	4 (16)
NRAS	2 (8)
Other	2 (8)
Unknown (not sufficient tissue for sequencing)	1 (4)
ECOG performance status
0	11 (44)
1	11 (44)
2	3 (12)
LDH elevated above institutional limit	8 (32)
CSF positive for malignant cells at baseline	14 (56)
MRI brain findings consistent with LMD at baseline (MRI spine with no evidence of LMD)	12 (48)
MRI spine findings consistent with LMD at baseline (MRI brain with no evidence of LMD)	3 (12)
Both MRI brain and spine consistent with LMD at baseline	10 (40)
Parenchymal brain metastases before LMD diagnosis	19 (76)
Extracranial disease present at time of LMD diagnosis	12 (48)
Prior therapies to LMD diagnosis
Systemic therapy	23 (92)
Checkpoint inhibitors	21 (84)
BRAF, MEK or BRAF/MEK inhibitors	16 (64)
(Bio)Chemotherapy	3 (12)
Othera	5 (20)
Median number of previous metastatic melanoma directed therapies (range)	2 (range 0–6)
Radiation to brain or spine	21 (84)
Whole-brain radiotherapy	9 (36)
Stereotactic radiation	14 (56)
LMD directed systemic therapies before IT/IV nivolumab	8 (32)
Checkpoint inhibitors	3 (12)
BRAF, MEK or BRAF/MEK inhibitors	6 (24)
Chemotherapy	1 (4)
Intrathecal therapy with IL-2	5 (20)
On dexamethasone/corticosteroids at enrollment	10 (40)
Dexamethasone (or equivalent) dose, median (mg d−1)b	2.0 (range 1–4)
On concurrent BRAF/MEK therapy	11 (44)

LDH, lactate dehydrogenase.

^aIMCgp100, olaparib, axitinib, relatlimab, azacitadine, TLR9 agonist, CD40 antibody.

^bPatients requiring corticosteroids.