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. 2023 Apr 19;14:2248. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-38014-6

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 4 — a Flow cytometric apoptosis analysis of B16F10 cells after treatment with PBS, IR780, IR780 + L, IR780 + 1-MT + L, IR780 + 1-MT + IL-15 + L and NIL-IM-Lip+L. The IR780 + L, IR780 + 1-MT + L, IR780 + 1-MT + IL-15 + L and NIL-IM-Lip+L groups were irradiated with an 808 nm laser for 5 min (1.0 W/cm²). b Viabilities of B16F10 cells after incubation and treatment with Laser, IR780 + Laser and NIL-IM-Lip+Laser. The IR780 + Laser and NIL-IM-Lip+Laser groups were irradiated with an 808 nm laser for 5 min (1.0 W/cm²) (n = 3 biologically independent experiments). c Viabilities of B16F10 cells after incubation with Blank-Lip, IL-15, 1-MT, IR780 and NIL-IM-Lip (n = 3 biologically independent experiments). d, e Flow cytometric analysis of HUVEC uptake (n = 3 biologically independent experiments). FITC was selected to replace 1-MT for the cellular uptake assay. f Fluorescence microscopy image of HUVEC uptake (n = 3 biologically independent experiments). Scale bar = 200 μm. g F-Lip-S showed stronger deep tumour penetration than F-Lip-L in B16F10 tumour spheres (n = 3 biologically independent experiments). Scale bar = 50 μm. Data are presented as mean values ± SD. Statistical significance was calculated by the one-way ANOVA analysis of variance with Tukey’s post hoc test. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001. Source data are provided as a Source Data file. IR780 + L IR780 + Laser, IR780 + 1-MT + L IR780 + 1-MT + Laser, IR780 + 1-MT + IL-15 + L IR780 + 1-MT + IL-15+Laser, NIL-IM-Lip+L NGR/IL-15-IR780/1-MT-Lip+Laser, F-Lip FITC-Lip, F-Lip with preincubation: FITC-Lip with preincubation under pH 6.5; NF-Lip NGR-FITC-Lip, F-Lip-L/S FITC-Lip-Large/Small.