Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of the subjects.
| All n = 170 |
Oxygen demand (−) n = 89 |
Oxygen demand (+) n = 81 |
p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 58.36±15.06 | 55.76±15.21 | 61.22±14.46 | 0.002 |
| Sex, male/female | 113/57 | 54/35 | 59/22 | 0.106 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 24.71±4.82 | 23.94±4.07 | 25.55±5.43 | 0.003 |
| Smoking history, never/ex/current smoker | 88/57/25 | 48/24/17 | 40/33/8 | 0.082 |
| Pack-years | 13.92±22.10 | 10.81±17.20 | 17.33±26.15 | 0.054 |
| Days from onset to hospitalization, days | 6.54±3.03 | 6.48±3.18 | 6.61±2.88 | 0.792 |
| Comorbidity (%) | ||||
| Cardiovascular diseases | 81 (47.6) | 32 (36.0) | 49 (50.5) | 0.002 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 49 (28.8) | 19 (21.3) | 30 (37.0) | 0.028 |
| Dyslipidemia | 45 (26.5) | 20 (22.4) | 25 (30.9) | 0.228 |
| Respiratory diseases | 24 (14.1) | 9 (10.1) | 15 (18.5) | 0.128 |
| Chronic kidney failure | 24 (14.1) | 14 (15.7) | 10 (12.3) | 0.660 |
| Immunodeficiency | 8 (4.7) | 4 (4.5) | 4 (4.9) | >0.999 |
| Malignant tumor | 5 (2.9) | 2 (2.2) | 3 (3.7) | 0.670 |
| Treatment (%) | ||||
| Dexamethasone | 117 (68.8) | 39 (43.8) | 78 (96.3) | <0.001 |
| Remdesivir | 73 (42.9) | 21 (23.6) | 52 (64.2) | <0.001 |
| Anticoagulant medicines | 27 (15.9) | 0 (0) | 27 (33.3) | <0.001 |
| Favipiravir | 25 (14.7) | 6 (6.7) | 19 (23.5) | 0.002 |
| Baricitinib | 19 (11.1) | 0 (0) | 19 (23.5) | <0.001 |
| Ciclesonide | 12 (7.1) | 7 (7.9) | 5 (6.2) | 0.769 |
| Tocilizumab | 10 (5.9) | 0 (0) | 10 (12.3) | <0.001 |
| Casirivimab and Imdevimab | 5 (2.9) | 5 (5.6) | 0 (0) | 0.060 |
Continuous variables were expressed as mean±SD and categorical variables were expressed as number (percentage). Data were compared using t test or Fisher's exact test.
BMI, body mass index.