Table 1.
Proportion of Children With Moderate-to-Severe Diarrhea Who Tested Positive for Cryptosporidium Using qPCR, and Proportion Attributed to This Pathogen, by Subgroup Status
| The Gambia | Mali | Kenya | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cases | Controls | Cases | Controls | Cases | Controls | |
| 0–11 months | ||||||
| No. tested by qPCR | 540 | 539 | 595 | 595 | 585 | 585 |
| No. (%) positive for Cryptosporidium | 170 (31.5%) | 127 (23.6%) | 155 (26.1%) | 124 (20.8%) | 80 (13.7%) | 67 (11.5%) |
| No. Cryptosporidium-attributed | 91 | 83 | 43 | |||
| ȃȃȃȃPercentage attributed among those tested | 16.9% | 13.9% | 7.4% | |||
| ȃȃȃȃPercentage attributed among those PCR positive | 53.5% | 53.6% | 53.8% | |||
| 12–23 months | ||||||
| No. tested by qPCR | 617 | 618 | 552 | 552 | 526 | 526 |
| No. (%) positive for Cryptosporidium | 166 (26.9%) | 157 (25.4%) | 141 (25.5%) | 108 (19.6%) | 115 (21.9%) | 70 (13.3%) |
| No. Cryptosporidium-attributed | 72 | 38 | 52 | |||
| ȃȃȃȃPercentage attributed among those tested | 11.7% | 6.9% | 9.9% | |||
| ȃȃȃȃPercentage attributed among those PCR positive | 43.4% | 27.0% | 45.2% | |||
| 24–59 months | ||||||
| No. tested by qPCR | 520 | 520 | 461 | 461 | 440 | 440 |
| No. (%) positive for Cryptosporidium | 145 (27.9%) | 116 (22.3%) | 85 (18.4%) | 72 (15.6%) | 49 (11.1%) | 32 (7.3%) |
| No. Cryptosporidium-attributed | 47 | 19 | 20 | |||
| ȃȃȃȃPercentage attributed among those tested | 9.0% | 4.1% | 4.5% | |||
| ȃȃȃȃPercentage attributed among those PCR positive | 32.4% | 22.4% | 40.8% | |||
“Positive” denotes qPCR cycle threshold <35. Abbreviations: MSD, moderate-to-severe diarrhea; PCR, polymerase chain reaction; qPCR, quantitative polymerase chain reaction.