TABLE 1A.
Baseline characteristics before and after matching according to fluid type among those who received 30 ml/kg or more.
| Before matching | After matching | |||||
| Normal saline (N = 1,428) | Lactated ringers (N = 594) | SMD | Normal saline (N = 436) | Lactated ringers (N = 436) | SMD | |
| Age at diagnosis (years) | 71 (60, 81) | 68 (58, 79) | 0.11 | 69 (59, 79) | 69 (59, 80) | 0.04 |
| Male sex | 640 (44.8%) | 238 (40.1%) | 0.10 | 170 (39.0%) | 188 (43.1%) | 0.08 |
| Race | 0.13 | 0.06 | ||||
| American Indian/Alaskan Native | 10 (0.7%) | 3 (0.5%) | 4 (0.9%) | 3 (0.7%) | ||
| Asian | 32 (2.2%) | 14 (2.4%) | 11 (2.5%) | 12 (2.8%) | ||
| Black | 33 (2.3%) | 22 (3.7%) | 13 (3.0%) | 15 (3.4%) | ||
| Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander | 3 (0.2%) | 2 (0.3%) | 1 (0.2%) | 1 (0.2%) | ||
| White | 1,312 (91.9%) | 528 (88.9%) | 390 (89.4%) | 392 (89.9%) | ||
| Other/unknown | 38 (2.7%) | 25 (4.2%) | 17 (3.9%) | 13 (3.0%) | ||
| Ethnicity | 0.08 | 0.03 | ||||
| Not Hispanic or Latino | 1,353 (94.7%) | 554 (93.3%) | 411 (94.3%) | 409 (93.8%) | ||
| Hispanic or Latino | 41 (2.9%) | 18 (3.0%) | 14 (3.2%) | 14 (3.2%) | ||
| Other/Unknown | 34 (2.4%) | 22 (3.7%) | 11 (2.5%) | 13 (3.0%) | ||
| Body mass index | 24.6 (21.5, 28.7) | 28.7 (23.9, 34.9) | 0.60 | 26.2 (23.0, 30.6) | 26.8 (23.2, 31.5) | 0.02 |
| COPD | 173 (12.1%) | 62 (10.4%) | 0.05 | 40 (9.2%) | 43 (9.9%) | 0.02 |
| Hypertension | 530 (37.1%) | 225 (37.9%) | 0.02 | 171 (39.2%) | 161 (36.9%) | 0.05 |
| CKD | 236 (16.5%) | 103 (17.3%) | 0.02 | 74 (17.0%) | 75 (17.2%) | 0.01 |
| Diabetes | 276 (19.3%) | 101 (17.0%) | 0.06 | 85 (19.5%) | 71 (16.3%) | 0.08 |
| CAD | 254 (17.8%) | 88 (14.8%) | 0.08 | 69 (15.8%) | 73 (16.7%) | 0.03 |
| CHF | 154 (10.8%) | 62 (10.4%) | 0.01 | 47 (10.8%) | 41 (9.4%) | 0.05 |
| Obesity | 231 (16.2%) | 184 (31.0%) | 0.35 | 100 (22.9%) | 107 (24.5%) | 0.04 |
| Dialysis | 48 (3.4%) | 19 (3.2%) | 0.01 | 11 (2.5%) | 13 (3.0%) | 0.03 |
| Type of diagnosis: lactate-draw | 806 (56.4%) | 434 (73.1%) | 0.35 | 311 (71.3%) | 304 (69.7%) | 0.04 |
| Hospital type (destination) | 834 (58.4%) | 469 (79.0%) | 0.45 | 338 (77.5%) | 344 (78.9%) | 0.03 |
| MAP | 90.2 (81.3, 99.3) | 88.7 (79.0, 98.3) | 0.14 | 89.0 (80.0, 99.1) | 88.7 (79.3, 98.3) | 0.03 |
| Septic shock | 95 (6.7%) | 113 (19.0%) | 0.38 | 64 (14.7%) | 67 (15.4%) | 0.02 |
| Blood culture positive | 94 (6.6%) | 58 (9.8%) | 0.12 | 41 (9.4%) | 44 (10.1%) | 0.04 |
| Maximum lactate | 3.3 (2.6, 4.6) | 3.8 (2.9, 5.7) | 0.30 | 3.9 (2.9, 5.5) | 3.7 (2.9, 5.8) | 0.07 |
| Total fluid amount (ml/kg) | 40.3 (33.8, 50.9) | 49.6 (39.9, 63.0) | 0.04 | 44.7 (37.2, 55.2) | 45.4 (37.7, 55.9) | 0.05 |
SMD, standardized mean difference; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CKD, chronic kidney disease; CAD, coronary artery disease; CHF, congestive heart failure; MAP, mean arterial pressure. Numerical characteristics are given as median (interquartile range), while categorical characteristics are given as the percentage of patients. Overall maximum lactate was not available 740 patients before matching and 252 patients after matching.