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. 2023 Apr 6;14:1138162. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1138162

FIGURE 2.

FIGURE 2

The homeostasis of vessels plays a crucial role in maintaining physical fitness and preventing cardiovascular diseases. Vascular aging causes chronic hypertension, Alzheimer’s disease, heart failure, ischemic heart disease, vascular calcification, and abdominal aortic aneurysm.