Table 1. Characteristics of the participants.
| Variables | All subjects | Weight gain = Yes | Weight gain = No | P * | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (N = 2553) | (N = 1087) | (N = 1466) | |||
| Age years (mean ± sd) | 29.33 ± 11.10 | 28.35 ± 9.91 | 30.07 ± 11.87 | < .001 | |
| [median, IQR] (Range) | [25, 13] (67) | [25, 11] (57) | [26, 14] (62) | ||
| Sex n (row %) | |||||
| Male | 918 | 374 (40.7%) | 544 (59.3%) | .16 | |
| Female | 1607 | 701 (43.6%) | 906 (56.4%) | ||
| Race | |||||
| Asian | 1635 | 702 (42.9%) | 933 (57.1%) | .36 | |
| White | 252 | 113 (44.8%) | 139 (55.2%) | ||
| Black | 188 | 68 (36.2%) | 120 (63.8%) | ||
| American Indian or Alaska Native | 97 | 38 (39.2%) | 59 (60.8%) | ||
| Others | 376 | 163 (43.4%) | 213 (56.6%) | ||
| Years of Education | |||||
| 0–9 years | 102 | 35 (34.3%) | 67 (65.7%) | .10 | |
| 10–12 years | 360 | 143 (39.7%) | 217 (60.3%) | ||
| > 12 years | 2085 | 906 (43.5%) | 1179 (56.5%) | ||
| Residence | |||||
| Urban area | 1633 | 681 (41.7%) | 952 (58.3%) | .43 | |
| Rural area | 631 | 277 (43.9%) | 354 (56.1%) | ||
| Rural–urban fringe | 234 | 106 (45.3%) | 128 (54.7%) | ||
| Current household composition | |||||
| live alone | 273 | 97 (35.5%) | 176 (64.5%) | .03 | |
| live with family | 2059 | 901 (43.8%) | 1158 (56.2%) | ||
| live with other people | 196 | 80 (40.8%) | 116 (59.2%) | ||
| Work/study status | |||||
| Full-time employed | 1089 | 487 (44.7%) | 602 (55.3%) | .004 | |
| Part-time/self employed | 245 | 85 (34.7%) | 160 (65.3%) | ||
| Students | 1025 | 449 (43.8%) | 576 (56.2%) | ||
| Others^ | 155 | 53 (34.2%) | 102 (65.8%) | ||
| Chronic physical conditions | |||||
| Obesity | < .001 | ||||
| Yes | 295 | 173 (58.6%) | 122 (41.4%) | ||
| No | 2175 | 887 (40.8%) | 1288 (59.2%) | ||
| Hypertension | .12 | ||||
| Yes | 241 | 115 (47.7%) | 126 (52.3%) | ||
| No | 2230 | 948 (42.5%) | 1282 (57.5%) | ||
| Other conditions | .001 | ||||
| Yes | 724 | 345 (47.7%) | 379 (52.3%) | ||
| No | 1829 | 742 (40.6%) | 1087 (59.4%) | ||
| Mental illnesses or conditions | |||||
| Yes | 486 | 194 (39.9%) | 292 (60.1%) | .19 | |
| No | 2067 | 893 (43.2%) | 1174 (56.8%) | ||
* Chi-square tests were used to compare the difference in proportion of participants experiencing weight gain across groups; significant at p < 0.05
^Including: Not employed but not student, retired, caregiver, and other