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. 2023 Apr 20;18(4):e0284496. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0284496

Table 5. Effects for statistical significant explanatory variables on the postponement time until the next disease diagnosis.

Positive and negative effects correspond to increased and decreased diagnosis postponement times.

Variable Significant effect (P<0.01) Effect of sublevels, interactions and polynomial effects
Age Negative Quadratic effect positive
Calendar time Mixed Positive for females, education (short, medium, long), occupation (employed, unemployed), high cholesterol, osteoarthritis, back pain.
Negative for occupation (early retirement, sick leave, unemployed), hypertension, stroke, diabetes. Quadratic effect negative.
Sex Female Mixed Negative effect in general,
Positive with osteoporosis and dementia.
Education Mixed Positive for short (except with diabetes), medium and long.
Negative for missing (except with diabetes) and missing pre 1920 (except with hypertension or diabetes).
Occupation Mixed Positive for employed, other, unemployed.
Negative for early retirement pension.
Stroke Mixed Negative in general. Positive with dementia.
Hypertension Positive
High Cholesterol Positive
Allergies Mixed Positive in general. Negative with high cholesterol.
Joint Disease Negative
Osteoporosis Mixed Negative in general.
Positive for females and with back pain, COPD or joint disease.
Osteoarthritis Mixed Negative in general.
Positive for females and with back pain or joint disease.
Back Pain Negative
Cancer No significant effect
COPD Mixed Negative in general. Positive with depression or osteoporosis.
Dementia Mixed Negative in general (main effect slightly insignificant).
Positive for females and with stroke, back pain, or dementia.
Schizophrenia Mixed Negative in general. Positive with COPD, schizophrenia or diabetes.
Depression Mixed Negative in general. Positive with COPD.
Diabetes Mixed Negative in general. Positive with high cholesterol.