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. 2023 Apr 20:1–25. Online ahead of print. doi: 10.1007/s11227-023-05288-y

Table 7.

Results of various transfer learning models

Model Accuracy Precision Recall F1-score
Xception 0.7619 0.7653 0.7619 0.7561
VGG16 0.8928 0.8934 0.8928 0.8930
VGG19 0.9404 0.9477 0.9404 0.9407
Proposed 0.9880 0.9884 0.9880 0.9881