Table 1. Population characteristics, body composition, bone mineral density and laboratory measurements of the participants.
| Variables | Men (n = 57) | Women (n = 187) |
|---|---|---|
| Anthropometry: | ||
| Age (years) | 37.10 ± 12.77 | 39.60 ± 11.68 |
| Weight (kg) | 108.42 ± 15.74 | 90.15 ± 12.14 |
| Height (21) | 176.44 ± 6.89 | 159.87 ± 6.38 |
| BMI (kg/cm2) | 35.30 ± 3.49 | 35.33 ± 4.10 |
| Fat percent (%) | 30.11 ± 4.23 | 42.43 ± 4.75 |
| Fat mass (kg) | 32.98 ± 8.22 | 38.48 ± 8.21 |
| Fat-free mass (kg) | 75.41 ± 9.53 | 51.66 ± 6.57 |
| Visceral fat rating (kg) | 14.24 ± 4.05 | 9.99 ± 2.46 |
| Trunk fat percent (%) | 20.80 ± 4.67 | 18.75 ± 4.37 |
| Biochemistry characteristics: | ||
| Progranulin (pg/mL) | 119.22 ± 30.13 | 120.86 ± 44.02 |
| Vitamin D (ng/mL) | 32.43 ± 4.50 | 38.28 ± 36.39 |
| Hs-CRP (mg/L) | 2.35 ± 2.32 | 4.75 ± 5.86 |
| Ox-LDL (U/dL) | 556.31 ± 58.85 | 583.02 ± 85.54 |
| TNF-α (pg/mL) | 13.68 ± 30.92 | 7.67 ± 14.01 |
| PTH (pg/mL) | 84.74 ± 54.19 | 89.89 ± 49.90 |
| IL-1β (pg/mL) | 0.01 ± 0.00 | 0.01 ± 0.00 |
| IL-4 (pg/mL) | 1.47 ± 0.86 | 1.81 ± 1.07 |
| IL-6 (pg/mL) | 30.28 ± 18.99 | 24.09 ± 20.66 |
| IL-10 (pg/mL) | 31.85 ± 38.65 | 14.12 ± 15.44 |
| IL-13 (pg/mL) | 32.35 ± 33.60 | 41.61 ± 30.41 |
| IL-17 (pg/mL) | 0.28 ± 0.13 | 0.95 ± 1.33 |
| Bone densitometry: | ||
| Hip BMD | 1.17 ± 0.16 | 1.08 ± 0.16 |
| Hip T-score | 0.64 ± 1.27 | 0.58 ± 1.10 |
| Hip Z-score | 0.18 ± 1.03 | 0.22 ± 0.99 |
| Lumbar BMD | 1.24 ± 0.18 | 1.19 ± 0.16 |
| Lumbar T-score | 0.24 ± 1.58 | -0.10 ± 1.17 |
| Lumbar Z-score | -0.48 ± 1.45 | -0.68 ± 1.13 |
BMI: body mass index; Hs-CRP: high sensitive C-reactive protein; TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor-α; IL: interleukin; Ox-LDL: oxidized-low density lipoprotein; PTH: parathormone; BMD: bone mineral density.