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. 2023 Mar 30;9(4):661–672. doi: 10.1038/s41477-023-01377-1

Fig. 5. Involvement of SIG5 in cold-temperature responses.

Fig. 5

a, Under control temperature conditions, light regulates the circadian clock and also HY5 and HYH-regulated genes. HY5 and HYH are necessary for the circadian regulation of SIG5 transcript accumulation, and circadian clock components might also regulate SIG5 expression directly. SIG5 regulates transcription of psbD via the BLRP, and HY5 or HYH might regulate psbD BLRP transcription through additional mechanisms. b, In response to cold temperatures, HY5 and HYH are necessary for the accumulation of SIG5 transcripts in response to cold, and the circadian clock gates the response to cold of SIG5 transcripts. SIG5 regulates PSII D2 and PSAC protein abundance, either by direct transcriptional regulation or through indirect mechanisms. SIG5 is necessary to maintain photosynthetic efficiency under long-term cold. SIG5 mutants have altered nuclear gene expression in response to cold, suggesting that SIG5 indirectly regulates nuclear genome transcription. Black solid arrows indicate regulatory relationships, broken arrows indicate inferred connections, a blue arrow entering the chloroplast indicates SIG5 targeting to chloroplasts and the sine wave icon indicates circadian regulation. Subcellular localization is inferred.