Table 5.

Logistic Regression Models for the Association between Paternal Incarceration and Teacher-Reported School-Based Parental Involvement in School by Type of Involvement and Incarceration Status

	Parent Attended Conference						Parent Volunteered at School							Father Attended Conference or Meeting
	Incarceration			Add Controls			Incarceration			Add Controls				Incarceration			Add Controls
	b	se		b	se		b	se		b	se		N	b	se		b	se		N
Father Incarceration Status
Ever incarcerated compared to never	−.793	(.114)	***	−.247	(.140)		−.883	(.098)	***	−.306	(.126)	*	2,147	−.919	(.100)	***	−.440	(.123)	***	1,977
Incarcerated first time Y1–Y9 compared to never	−.663	(.155)	***	−.239	(.180)		−.788	(.144)	***	−.299	(.168)		1,422	−.898	(.147)	***	−.489	(.165)	**	1,379
Higher-order incarceration compared to by Y1	−.478	−(.478)	*	−.306	(.266)		−.375	(.203)		−.276	(.276)		673	−.803	(.209)	***	−.764	(.288)	**	556

Note: Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study. Sample limited to eligible children whose child’s teacher participated in a mail-in survey at Year 9. Observations with missing data on all parental involvement variables or that have a deceased or unknown father at any wave are excluded. Control variables include mother criminal justice contact, father impulsivity, mother impulsivity, father substance abuse, mother violence victimization by father, mother married or cohabiting with father at child’s birth, mother-father relationship quality, mother reads to child at one-year survey, father reads to child at one-year survey, father-child contact, either parent not a citizen, father age, mother lived with both parents at age 15, father lived with both parents at age 15, mother education, father education, mother cognitive ability, father cognitive ability, mother religious attendance, father religious attendance, mother depression, father depression, mother unemployment, father unemployment, father military service, mother-father income-to-poverty ratio, mother-father hardship, mother-father neighborhood disadvantage, father unsafe neighborhood, mother unsafe neighborhood, mother parenting stress, children in household, mother multipartner fertility, mother spanks child, child race, child gender, low birth weight, child poor health, and sample city category. Fathers with current or unknown incarceration status at Y9 are excluded from models of teacher-reported father involvement in schooling. Results based on 25 multiply imputed datasets.

^*p < .05

^**p < .01

^***p < .001 (two-tailed tests)