Table A2.

Log Odds Representing the Association between Paternal Incarceration and Fathers’ School-Based Involvement, Based on Self-Reports and Teacher-Reports of Involvement; Examining the Mediating Effect of Fathers’ Time and Transportation Constraints

	Add Time and Transportation Constraints
Father Incarceration Status	b	se	N
Father Involvement Self-Reports
Ever incarcerated by Y9 (vs. never)	−.328	(.095)**	3,261
Incarcerated first time Y1–Y9 (vs. never)	−.593	(.127)***	2,239
Incarcerated again Y1–Y9 (vs. prior to Y1 only)	−.569	(.185)**	951
Father Involvement Teacher-Reports
Ever incarcerated by Y9 (vs. never)	−.475	(.124)***	1,977
Incarcerated first time Y1–Y9 (vs. never)	−.531	(.167)**	1,379
Incarcerated again Y1–Y9 (vs. prior to Y1 only)	−.786	(.292)**	556

Note: Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study. Sample limited to eligible children whose teacher participated in a mail-in survey at Year 9. Observations with missing data on all parental involvement variables or that have a deceased or unknown father at any wave are excluded. Fathers with a current or unknown incarceration status at Y9 are also excluded. Control variables include mother criminal justice contact, father impulsivity, mother impulsivity, father substance abuse, mother violence victimization by father, mother married or cohabiting with father at child’s birth, mother-father relationship quality, mother reads to child at one-year survey, father reads to child at one-year survey, father-child contact, either parent not a citizen, father age, mother lived with both parents at age 15, father lived with both parents at age 15, mother education, father education, mother cognitive ability, father cognitive ability, mother religious attendance, father religious attendance, mother depression, father depression, mother unemployment, father unemployment, father military service, mother-father income-to-poverty ratio, mother-father hardship, mother-father neighborhood disadvantage, father unsafe neighborhood, mother unsafe neighborhood, mother parenting stress, children in household, mother multipartner fertility, mother spanks child, child race, child gender, low birth weight, child poor health, and sample city category. Results based on 25 multiply imputed datasets.

^**p <.01

^***p < .001 (two-tailed tests).