Fig. 5. Ca2⁺ imaging of dorsal cortex through a 4 mm × 4 mm cranial window in head-fixed mice.

(A) Maximum projection from a 7-min recording session after motion correction. Scale bar, 500 μm. (B) Maximum intensity projection image of the raw video after motion correction and background removed with contours of 1907 extracted cells from CNMF-E analysis via CaImAn circled in yellow. The colored boxes indicate four subregions that are zoomed in and shown in (D) to (F). Scale bar, 500 μm. (C) Distribution of cell numbers inside 500 randomly chosen 1-mm-diameter circular regions (FOV of Miniscope V4) in the entire FOV of the MiniLFOV. The mean cell number is 211.032, and the SD is 190.567. (D) Map of 59 cells in the red-boxed area in (B) and 15 randomly chosen cells with their low pass–filtered Ca²⁺ transients for the numbered cells are shown in red. Scale bar, 100 μm. (E) Map of 33 cells in the green-boxed area in (B) and 15 randomly chosen cells with their low pass–filtered Ca²⁺ transients for the numbered cells are shown in green. (F) Map of 388 cells in the cyan-boxed area in (B) and 15 randomly chosen cells with their low pass–filtered Ca²⁺ transients for the numbered cells are shown in red. (G) Map of 38 cells in the orange-boxed area in (B) and 15 randomly chosen cells with their low pass–filtered Ca²⁺ transients for the numbered cells are shown in cyan.