. 2023 Feb 1;29(2):293–319. doi: 10.3350/cmh.2022.0425

Table 2.

Strategies employed for NRP targeting in the different studies included

Targeting strategy	Specifications	NRP	Method of measurement	Model	Sample type	Outcome	Study	Year
shRNA silencing	NRP1 shRNA VSV-lentivirus	NRP1	RT-PCR	In vitro	Mahlavu, Huh-7, SK-Hep1 and HEK293T cell lines	Migration	Liao et al. [52]	2008
	NRP1 shRNA in lentivirus-based RNAi vector pLVTHM	NRP1	qRT-PCR, Western blot and ICC	In vitro	Human hepatoma-derived HCCLM6 cell line HCCLM6 xenograft nude mice	Proliferation	Xu and Xia [39]	2013
	NRP1 shRNA in lentivirus-based RNAi vector pLVTHM	NRP1	qRT-PCR, Western blot and ICC	In vivo		Proliferation	Xu and Xia [39]	2013
	Lentiviral-based NRP1 shRNA from Origene	NRP1	qRT-PCR and Western blot	In vitro	Bel-7402 and SMMC-7721 cell lines	Cell viability and apoptosis	Lin et al. [17]	2018
	Lentivirus pGCSIL-RFPshNRP1 self-constructed	NRP1	Western blot and ICC	In vitro	HepG2	Tumor progression and migration	Xu et al. [42]	2017
	NRP1 shRNA produced by GeneChem	NRP1	qRT-PCR and Western blot	In vitro	HepG2, HCCLM3 and Huh-7	CSC properties, proliferation, migration, EMT and metastasis	Li et al. [26]	2021
	NRP1 shRNA produced by GeneChem	NRP1	qRT-PCR and Western blot	In vivo	HCCLM3 xenograft nude mice		Li et al. [26]	2021
siRNA silencing	siRNA targeting mouse NRP1 (ID #155679, Ambion)	NRP1	ICC	In vivo	Transgenic HCC C57BL/6 mice	Tumor progression and vascular remodeling	Bergé et al. [36]	2010
	ON-TARGETplus NRP1 siRNA	NRP1	Western blot	In vitro	Mouse Hepa129 cell line C3H mice with Hep129-derived tumor	Proliferation, apoptosis, inflammation and migration	Raskopf et al. [37]	2010
	ON-TARGETplus NRP1 siRNA	NRP1	Western blot	In vivo	Mouse Hepa129 cell line C3H mice with Hep129-derived tumor	Proliferation, apoptosis, inflammation and migration	Raskopf et al. [37]	2010
	NRP1 siRNA from Bioneer with Effectene reagent	NRP1	Western blot	In vitro	HepG2 and Huh-7	Cell death	Lee et al. [38]	2011
	ON-TARGETplus NRP2 siRNA	NRP2	qRT-PCR and Western blot	In vitro	3sp, SNU-398, SNU-423, SNU-449, SNU-475, FLC-4 cell lines	Migration, mesenchymal properties, TGF-β signaling	Wittmann et al. [35]	2015
	NRP1 siRNA and lipofectamine 2000	NRP1	Western blot	In vitro	HepG2	Cell viability and migration	Lv et al. [43]	2019
	NRP1 siRNA from Qiagen	NRP1	NR	In vitro	HepG2	Cell proliferation	Arab et al. [45]	2020
Inhibitors	TCDD	NRP1	qRT-PCR	In vitro	HepG2	Xenobiotic toxicity	Lee et al. [48]	2010
	Peptide N	NRP1	qRT-PCR and Western blot	In vitro	HepG2, SK-HEP-1 and PLC/PRF/5 cell lines	Cell proliferation, apoptosis and invasion	Bergé et al. [12]	2011
	Peptide N	NRP1	qRT-PCR and Western blot	In vivo	ASV-B transgenic C57BL/6 mice	Cell proliferation, apoptosis and invasion	Bergé et al. [12]	2011
miRNAs overexpression	miR-148b	NRP1	IHC	In vivo	PLC/PRF/5 xenograft	Tumor progression, angiogenesis, microRNA modulation and CSC properties	Liu et al. [40]	2015
	miR-148b	NRP1	IHC	In vivo	BALB/c nude mice		Liu et al. [40]	2015
	miR-340-5p/miR-452-5p	NRP1	qRT-PCR and Western blot	In vitro	Hep3B	microRNAs and circRNAs modulation	Yang [65]	2020
	miR-340-5p/miR-452-5p	NRP1	qRT-PCR and Western blot	In vivo	BALB/c athymic nude mice injected with Hep3B	microRNAs and circRNAs modulation	Yang [65]	2020
Antibody	Truncated tissue factor anti-NRP1 monoclonal antibody	NRP1	NR	In vivo	HepG2 xenograft BALB/c nude mice	Tumor progression	Xu et al. [44]	2019

circRNA, circular RNA; CSC, cancer stem cell; EMT, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition; HCC, hepatocelular carcinoma; ICC, immunocytochemistry; IHC, immunohistochemistry; miRNA, microRNA; NR, not reported; NRP, neuropilin; qRT-PCR, real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction; shRNA, short hairpin RNA; siRNA, small interference RNA; TCDD, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin; TGF-β, transforming growth factor β.