Table 1.
Covariates considered for inclusion.
| Covariate | Sex-specific | Age-standardized |
|---|---|---|
| Education Absolute Inequality (AAID) | X | X |
| Education Relative Inequality (GINI) | X | X |
| Health expenditure per capita, in 2018 USD | ||
| Gross domestic product based on purchasing power parity (GDP-PPP) | ||
| Healthcare access and quality (HAQ) index | ||
| Hospital beds per 1000 people | ||
| Level of educational attainment per capita | X | X |
| Mean alcohol consumption, measured in grams per day | X | X |
| Mean mortality rate in the previous ten years due to military operations and terrorism, disasters, and famines (protein-energy malnutrition deaths) measured from year's end | ||
| Mortality rate due to homicide | X | X |
| Mortality rate due to protein-energy malnutrition | ||
| Number of cigarettes or cigarette equivalents consumed per adult aged 15+ years per year | ||
| Number of employed health workers (of any specialty) per 10,000 population | ||
| Number of employed medical doctors per 10,000 population | ||
| Percent of population with access to improved toilet types as defined by the Joint Monitoring Program | ||
| Prevalence of diabetes | X | X |
| Proportion of a population that abstain from alcohol | X | X |
| Proportion of a population that binge drink | X | X |
| Proportion of a population using intravenous drugs | X | X |
| Proportion of the country with population density between 150 and 300 people per km2 | ||
| Proportion of the country with population density between 300 and 500 people per km2 | ||
| Proportion of the country with population density between 500 and 1000 people per km2 | ||
| Proportion of the country with population density over 1000 people per km2 | ||
| Proportion of the country with population density under 150 people per km2 | ||
| Proportion of the employed population ages 15–69 working as professionals (according to ISCO classifications) | ||
| Proportion of the population living in urban areas | ||
| Proportion of the population that has consumed alcohol in the past year | X | X |
| Proportion of the population that smoke | X | X |
| Proportion of the population with 0 years of education | X | X |
| Proportion of the population with at least 12 years of education | X | X |
| Proportion of the population with at least 6 years of education | X | X |
| Socio-demographic index | ||
| Summary exposure valuea for alcohol use | X | |
| Summary exposure valuea for childhood sexual abuse | X | |
| Summary exposure valuea for drug use | X | |
| Summary exposure valuea for intimate partner violence | X | |
| Summary exposure valuea for low physical activity | X | |
| Summary exposure valuea for no access to handwashing facility | X | |
| Summary exposure valuea for second-hand smoke | X | |
| Summary exposure valuea for smoking | X | |
| Summary exposure valuea for unsafe sanitation | X | |
| Summary exposure valuea for unsafe water source | X | |
| Total fertility rate | ||
| Unemployment rateb | X |
a
Summary exposure value (SEV) - a measure of a population's exposure to a risk factor that considers the extent of exposure by risk level and the severity of that risk's contribution to disease burden. SEV takes the value zero when no excess risk for a population exists and the value one when the population is at the highest level of risk; we report SEV on a scale from 0% to 100% to emphasize that it is risk-weighted prevalence.
b
Not available for Antigua and Barbuda and Grenada.