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. 2023 Apr 10;4(1):225–235. doi: 10.1089/neur.2022.0087

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© MaryLourdes Andreu et al., 2023; Published by Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.

This Open Access article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons License [CC-BY] (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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FIG. 1. — (A) Hematoxylin and eosin–stained representative rat brain sections 12 weeks post-transplantation from sham + hNSC (group 1) top left, group 2 (pTBI 1 week + hNSC), top right, group 4 (pTBI 2 week + hNSC), bottom left, and group 6 (pTBI 4 week + hNSC), bottom right, show the unilateral porencephalic cyst, varying cortical thinning in right hemisphere in the injured groups only; region with hNSC transplants is demarcated with the dashed white outline. Scale bar = 1 mm. (B) A scatterplot of lesion size (mean ± SEM) expressed as percentage of intact hemisphere (y-axis) and experimental groups (x-axis). One-way ANOVA followed by pair-wise comparison shows that mean lesion size ± SEM was statistically significant between sham (blue) versus group 7 (injury + vehicle group; red), indicating a robust injury effect (p < 0.001). Pair-wise comparison of group 7 (red) with group 2 (green), or group 4 (purple) or group 6 (orange) did not detect any significant differences (ns; F_4,37 = 23.20, p = 0.084). ANOVA, analysis of variance; hNSC, human neural stem cell; ns, not statistically significant; pTBI, penetrating traumatic brain injury; SEM, standard error of the mean.