Table 1.
Demographics and Baseline Characteristics of Patients
| All cohort (n=97) | |
|---|---|
| Sex, men | 45 (46.4) |
| Age, y | 82 [77–86] |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 27.9±4.6 |
| BSA, m2 | 1.8±0.2 |
| Hypertension | 80 (83.3) |
| Dyslipidemia | 76 (79.2) |
| Diabetes | 35 (37.2) |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 14 (14.6) |
| Atrial fibrillation, persistent | 6 (6.3) |
| Atrial fibrillation, paroxysmal | 16 (16.7) |
| Permanent pacemaker | 8 (8.3) |
| CAD | 44 (45.8) |
| CKD | 28 (29.5) |
| Chronic anemia | 26 (27.7) |
| Baseline echocardiographic parameters | |
| Ejection fraction | 60 [50–65] |
| AVA, cm2 | 0.7 [0.6–0.8] |
| Peak pressure gradient, mm Hg | 67 [59, 91] |
| Mean pressure gradient, mm Hg | 44 [38–60] |
| Stroke volume, mL | 70.2±17.6 |
| Diastolic dysfunction | 62 (75.6) |
| Grade 1 | 52 (63.4) |
| Grade 2 | 9 (11) |
| Grade 3 | 1 (1.2) |
| Systolic pulmonary artery pressure, mm Hg | 37.5±12.8 |
| Aortic regurgitation | 47 (52.2) |
| Mild | 35 (38.9) |
| Moderate | 12 (13.3) |
| Mitral regurgitation | 60 (65.9) |
| Mild | 39 (42.9) |
| Moderate | 19 (20.9) |
| Tricuspid regurgitation | 46 (51.1) |
| Mild | 34 (37.8) |
| Moderate | 11 (12.2) |
| Mitral stenosis, up to moderate | 18 (19.8) |
| RV failure | 5 (5.5) |
| LVH | 68 (74.7) |
| Baseline medical treatment | |
| Beta blockers | 61 (63.5) |
| Furosemide | 44 (45.8) |
| Spironolactone | 12 (12.5) |
| ACEi/ARBs | 48 (50.5) |
| CCB | 19 (30.6) |
| Other vasodilators | 22 (23.2) |
ACEi indicates angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitor; ARBs, angiotensin receptor blocker; AVA, aortic valve area; BMI, body mass index; BSA, body surface area; CAD, coronary artery disease; CCB, calcium channel blocker; CKD, chronic kidney disease; LVH, left ventricular hypertrophy; and RV, right ventricular.
All values are presented as n (%), mean±SD, or median [interquartile range].