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. 2023 Apr 24;23:373. doi: 10.1186/s12885-023-10854-x

Table 3.

Association of Osteopontin splice variants with cancer grade and stage in the literature. Only cancers with multiple evaluable reports for at least one splice form are listed. The left column displays the cancer type under study, the three blocks have the numbers for Osteopontin-a (OPN-a), Osteopontin-b (OPN-b), and Osteopontin-c (OPN-c). n = number of patients studied, χ2 = result of the χ2 test, p-value = result of the χ2 test. A warning occurred when χ2 was below 5. In all of those cases, the p-value according to Fisher’s exact test corroborated the results. Of note, the results from χ2 test or Fisher’s exact test only inform on differences in counts, not on their direction. Bottom portion) meta-analysis for tumor stage. The last column in each section indicates the analysis of overall stage, stage T (tumor growth), stage N (lymph node involvement), or stage M (metastasis, no entries) Top portion) meta-analysis for tumor grade. Results in bold are considered significant at the 5% probability of error level

OPN-a
cancer studies n category low medium high χ2 p-value Fisher p-value grade
breast 1 66 Grade 1&2 12 28 6 11.45 0.003263 0.002896
Grade 3&4 7 4 9
glioma 2 156 Grade 1&2 21 13 11 8.6761 0.01306 0.01299
Grade 3&4 28 31 52
lung 1 35 Grade 1&2 7 7 9 8.2031 1.66E-02 0.01238
Grade 3&4 3 9 0
all 5 358 Grade 1&2 76 63 70 2.5141 0.2845 0.2836
Grade 3&4 43 54 52
cancer studies n category low medium high χ2 p-value Fisher p-value stage
breast 1 61 low 17 16 19 15.203 0.0005 0.000369 Stage T
high 0 9 0
breast 1 58 low 15 14 17 11.696 0.002886 0.002465 Stage N
high 2 10 0
lung 1 33 low 5 5 6 0.24265 0.8857 1 Stage
high 6 6 5
all 2 134 low 25 37 42 9.4449 0.008894 0.01332 Stage
high 16 7 7
OPN-b
cancer studies n category low medium high χ2 p-value Fisher p-value grade
breast 1 66 Grade 1&2 15 14 17 2.7568 0.252 0.2632
Grade 3&4 6 10 4
glioma 2 156 Grade 1&2 23 12 10 17.511 0.000158 0.000193
Grade 3&4 22 31 58
lung 1 35 Grade 1&2 6 11 6 3.2794 0.194 0.1988
Grade 3&4 5 2 5
all 5 358 Grade 1&2 74 61 74 1.2698 0.53 0.2836
Grade 3&4 46 42 61
cancer studies n category low medium high χ2 p-value Fisher p-value stage
breast 1 61 low 17 17 18 0.66816 0.716 0.9003 Stage T
high 3 4 2
breast 1 58 low 14 16 16 0.65034 0.7224 0.7878 Stage N
high 5 3 4
lung 1 33 low 5 6 5 0.24265 0.8857 1 Stage
high 6 5 6
all 2 134 low 19 32 53 23.953 6.29E-06 1.08E-05 Stage
high 19 6 5
OPN-c
cancer studies n category low medium high χ2 p-value Fisher p-value grade
breast 4 521 Grade 1&2 121 88 83 8.7687 1.25E-02 1.24E-02
Grade 3&4 69 71 89
glioma 2 156 Grade 1&2 22 12 11 10.655 0.004857 0.005336
Grade 3&4 27 30 54
lung 2 101 Grade 1&2 24 34 20 4.1892 0.1231 0.1228
Grade 3&4 8 5 10
all 9 879 Grade 1&2 131 130 168 10.77 0.004584 0.004534
Grade 3&4 175 143 132
cancer studies n category low medium high χ2 p-value Fisher p-value stage
breast 3 577 low 143 148 131 2.6299 0.2685 0.2737 Stage T
high 49 47 59
breast 2 204 low 46 46 47 0.59581 0.7424 0.7769 Stage N
high 7 9 6
lung 2 110 low 12 36 10 13.767 0.001024 0.000944 Stage
high 19 14 19
all 3 211 low 29 37 73 29.718 3.52E-07 1.03E-07 Stage
high 26 36 10