Table 2.
Univariate and multivariable regression analysis of risk factors for fatigue in chronic liver disease
| Variables | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | ||
| OR (95% CI) | P value | OR (95% CI) | P value | |
| Old age | ||||
| No | Ref. | Ref. | ||
| Yes | 2.122 (1.379 to 3.267) | 0.001 | 2.026 (1.274 to 3.221) | 0.003 |
| Male | ||||
| No | Ref. | |||
| Yes | 0.838 (0.628 to 1.117) | 0.228 | -- | -- |
| AILDs | ||||
| No | Ref. | |||
| Yes | 3.545 (1.911 to 6.574) | <0.001 | 2.749 (1.446 to 5.226) | 0.002 |
| Metabolic factors | ||||
| Obesity | ||||
| No | Ref. | |||
| Yes | 0.813 (0.591 to 1.121) | 0.207 | -- | -- |
| Hypertension | ||||
| No | Ref. | |||
| Yes | 0.735 (0.536 to 1.008) | 0.056 | -- | -- |
| T2DM | ||||
| No | Ref. | |||
| Yes | 0.694 (0.436 to 1.103) | 0.122 | -- | -- |
| Hypertriglyceridaemia | ||||
| No | Ref. | |||
| Yes | 0.804 (0.577 to 1.121) | 0.198 | -- | -- |
| Hypercholesterolaemia | ||||
| No | Ref. | |||
| Yes | 1.448 (0.974 to 2.153) | 0.068 | -- | -- |
| Hyperuricaemia | ||||
| No | Ref. | |||
| Yes | 0.835 (0.570 to 1.222) | 0.353 | -- | -- |
| High LDL-c | ||||
| No | Ref. | |||
| Yes | 0.943 (0.675 to 1.316) | 0.728 | -- | -- |
| Low HDL-c | ||||
| No | Ref. | |||
| Yes | 1.104 (0.764 to 1.569) | 0.599 | -- | -- |
| Liver enzymes | ||||
| Elevated ALT | ||||
| No | Ref. | |||
| Yes | 1.164 (0.662 to 2.441) | 0.306 | -- | -- |
| Elevated AST | ||||
| No | Ref. | |||
| Yes | 1.205 (0.906 to 1.602) | 0.199 | -- | -- |
| Elevated GGT | ||||
| No | Ref. | |||
| Yes | 1.356 (1.012 to 1.816) | 0.042 | -- | -- |
| Histopathology | ||||
| Severe ballooning | ||||
| No | Ref | |||
| Yes | 1.049 (0.606 to 1.815) | 0.865 | -- | -- |
| Severe steatosis | ||||
| No | Ref | |||
| Yes | 0.850 (0.488 to 1.482) | 0.567 | -- | -- |
| Active inflammation | ||||
| No | Ref. | |||
| Yes | 1.768 (1.329 to 2.353) | <0.001 | 1.587 (1.164 to 2.164) | 0.003 |
| Advanced fibrosis | ||||
| No | Ref | |||
| Yes | 1.743 (1.282 to 2.370) | <0.001 | -- | -- |
AILDs, autoimmune liver diseases; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; BMI, body mass index; GGT, gamma-glutamyl-transferase; HDL-c, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-c, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus.