Table. Case report of occupational transmission of monkeypox virus to a healthcare worker in South Korea and literature review of healthcare-associated cases of monkeypox virus transmission during the 2022 mpox outbreak*.
| Characteristics | Case reports |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5† | 6† | 7‡ | 8 | |
| Country |
France |
Brazil |
Portugal |
Florida, USA |
Brazil |
Brazil |
California, USA |
South Korea |
| Exposure date, 2022 |
July |
July |
July |
July |
July |
July |
August |
November |
| HCW, age/sex |
25/F |
20s/F |
29/M |
NA |
NA/F |
NA/F |
40/F |
33/F |
| HCW occupation |
Doctor |
Nurse |
Doctor |
Nurse |
Nurse |
Nurse |
Doctor |
Doctor |
| Patient source, age/sex |
30/M |
20s/M |
NA |
NA |
40/M |
40/M |
NA |
20s/F |
| Exposure | ||||||||
| Type | Needlestick | Needlestick | Needlestick | Needlestick | Fomites | Fomites | Other§ | Needlestick |
| Site |
Right thumb¶ |
Thumb |
Left index finger |
Index finger |
Left ring finger |
Forearm |
Left middle finger |
Left index finger# |
| PCR results | ||||||||
| Vesicle | Positive | Positive | Positive | Positive | Positive | Positive | Positive | Positive |
| Oropharynx | Negative | Positive | Negative | NA | NA | NA | NA | Negative |
| Blood |
Negative |
Positive |
Negative |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
Negative |
| Incubation period, d |
4 |
5 |
4 |
10 |
5 |
5 |
7 |
3 |
| Dissemination |
No |
Yes |
Yes |
No |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
No |
| Vaccination** |
Imvanex, <3 h |
No |
No |
JYNNEOS, <15 h |
No |
No |
No |
JYNNEOS,<20 h |
| Isolation of HCW after symptoms, d |
21 |
19 |
24 |
19 |
21 |
22 |
20 |
26 |
| Tecovirimat treatment |
No |
No |
No |
No |
No |
No |
Yes, 14 d |
Yes, 14 d |
| Major symptoms | ||||||||
| Skin lesion(s) | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Lymphadenopathy | No | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | No | No |
| Other |
Seropurulent fluid from wound |
Fever |
Fever, chills, myalgia |
No |
Hyperemia |
Fever |
Fever, cough, sore throat |
Myalgia |
| Reference | (5) | (6) | (7) | (8) | (9) | (9) | (10) | This case |
*Cases 1–7 were collected from the literature; case 8 is the patient described in this report. HCW, healthcare worker; NA, not available. †Cases 5 and 6 were described in 1 report. ‡Medical history of rheumatoid arthritis, treated with etanercept. §Inadvertent contamination during specimen collection or contact with contaminated environment. ¶Puncture from 25G needle. #Puncture from 26G needle. **Postexposure prophylaxis vaccination with third-generation smallpox vaccines (JYNNEOS, also known as Imvanex; Bavarian Nordic A/S, https://www.bavarian-nordic.com) conducted within specified hours after exposure to monkeypox virus.