. 2023 Mar 9;134(5):1135–1153. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00508.2022

Table 2.

Differentially gene expression and pathway analysis using LPAEx as the comparator group on prefrontal cortex

Group Compared with LPAEx	Total DEGs	Upregulated	Downregulated	Top Three Genes Up/Downregulated	Top Relevant BioPlanet 2019 Pathways	FDR
LPASed	317	262	55		*All DEGs*
					Calcium signaling pathway	0.006
					Hypothetical network for drug addiction	0.012
				Stoml3	*Upregulated DEGs*
				Frmd7	Calcium signaling pathway	0.072
				Pgc	Collagen biosynthesis and modifying enzymes	0.072
				Pdcd5	*Downregulated DEGs*
				Plat	GPCR ligand	<0.001
				ENSRNOG00000050660	Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction	0.012
LPEx	14	14	0		*All DEGs:*	N/A
				C1ql2	*Upregulated DEGs*
				Scara5		N/A
				Twist1
					*Downregulated DEGs*	N/A
LPSed	203	163	40		*All DEGs*
					Interleukin-1 regulation of extracellular matrix	0.007
					BDNF signaling pathway	0.038
				Stoml3	*Upregulated DEGs*
				Rd3	Interleukin-1 regulation of extracellular matrix	0.002
				S100a5	BDNF signaling pathway	0.010
					Interleukin-4 regulation of apoptosis	0.041
				ENSRNOG00000049	*Downregulated DEGs*
				394
				Pcsk1n		N/A
				Lemd2		N/A
CONEx	4	3	1		*All DEGs*	N/A
				Cd74	*Upregulated DEGs*	N/A
				Vim
				Aebp1
				Tnnc2	*Downregulated DEGs*	N/A
CONSed	170	140	30		*All DEGs*
					Beta-1 integrin cell surface interactions	0.005
					BDNF signaling pathway	0.007
				Ms4a15	*Upregulated DEGs*
				Frmd7	Beta-1 integrin cell surface interactions	0.002
				Itga10	BDNF signaling pathway	0.005
				Lemd2	*Downregulated DEGs*
				RT1-DMa		N/A
				ENSRNOG00000058482

The pathway analysis were performed using Bioplanet2019 as the reference database in all comparisons with > 15 genes differently expressed. Pathways with a FDR < 0.10 were considered statistically significant. CONEx, control + exercise group; CONSed, control + sedentary group; DEG, differential expressed genes; FDR, false discovery rate; LPEx: Lactobacillus paracasei + exercise group; LPSed, Lactobacillus paracasei + sedentary group; LPAEx, Lactobacillus paracasei expressing angiotensin (1–7) + exercise group; LPASed, Lactobacillus paracasei + sedentary group; N/A, not applicable.