Table 6.
Effect of COVID-19 pandemic (year 2021) on social anxiety (Mini-SPIN ≥ 6) among 13 to 20-year-old Finns compared to pre-pandemic years (2013 and 2015 combined) in females and males
| Females | Males | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | p | OR (95% CI) | p | |||
| Total | ||||||
| Model 11: COVID-19 (year 2021)2 | 2.65 (2.60–2.69) | < 0.0001 | 1.53 (1.50–1.57) | < 0.0001 | ||
| Model 21: COVID-19 (year 2021)2 | 2.69 (2.64–2.74) | < 0.0001 | 1.56 (1.53–1.60) | < 0.0001 | ||
| Model 31: COVID-19 (year 2021)2 | 2.34 (2.29–2.38) | < 0.0001 | 1.53 (1.49–1.57) | < 0.0001 | ||
| Age group 13–15 years | ||||||
| Model 11: COVID-19 (year 2021)2 | 2.64 (2.57–2.72) | < 0.0001 | 1.55 (1.50–1.61) | < 0.0001 | ||
| Model 21: COVID-19 (year 2021)2 | 2.71 (2.64–2.79) | < 0.0001 | 1.57 (1.51–1.63) | < 0.0001 | ||
| Model 31: COVID-19 (year 2021)2 | 2.37 (2.30–2.44) | < 0.0001 | 1.55 (1.49–1.61) | < 0.0001 | ||
| Age group 16–17 years | ||||||
| Model 11: COVID-19 (year 2021)2 | 2.63 (2.56–2.70) | < 0.0001 | 1.53 (1.48–1.58) | < 0.0001 | ||
| Model 21: COVID-19 (year 2021)2 | 2.70 (2.62–2.77) | < 0.0001 | 1.55 (1.49–1.60) | < 0.0001 | ||
| Model 31: COVID-19 (year 2021)2 | 2.33 (2.26–2.39) | < 0.0001 | 1.51 (1.46–1.57) | < 0.0001 | ||
| Age group 18–20 years | ||||||
| Model 11: COVID-19 (year 2021)2 | 2.52 (2.38–2.67) | < 0.0001 | 1.58 (1.46–1.70) | < 0.0001 | ||
| Model 21: COVID-19 (year 2021)2 | 2.61 (2.47–2.77) | < 0.0001 | 1.61 (1.49–1.74) | < 0.0001 | ||
| Model 31: COVID-19 (year 2021)2 | 2.24 (2.10–2.38) | < 0.0001 | 1.54 (1.42–1.67) | < 0.0001 | ||
Odds ratios (OR) and 95% Confidence Intervals (95% CI) from unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression analyses by age group
1Model 1: unadjusted, only COVID-19 term in the model; Model 2 (same model as presented in the main article): adjusted for age group (total models only), parental education, living with both parents, immigrant status and region; Model 3: in addition to model 2 adjustments, adjusted also for generalized anxiety (GAD-7 ≥ 10)
2Coded “1” for year 2021, “0” for years 2013 and 2015