Table 3.
Model performance for predicting whole-body composition in the external dataset
| Multi-slice averaging in the waist | Single-slice L2 lower endplate | Single-slice L3 upper endplate | Multi-slice averaging in T12–L1 | Single-slice T12 lower endplate | Single-slice L1 upper endplate | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Before updating models | ||||||
| Muscle | ||||||
| R2 | 0.48 | 0.41 | 0.45 | 0.42 | 0.46 | 0.39 |
| RMSE (L) | 2.79 | 2.98 | 2.89 | 2.96 | 2.86 | 3.04 |
| MAE (L) | 2.51 | 2.64 | 2.58 | 2.68 | 2.54 | 2.71 |
| Calibration-in-the-large (L) | − 0.04 (− 0.71, 0.63) | 0.38 (− 0.38, 1.15) | 0.13 (− 0.63, 0.88) | − 0.25 (− 1.01, 0.51) | − 0.05 (− 0.87, 0.77) | 0.12 (− 0.67, 0.92) |
| Calibration slope | 0.87 (0.84, 0.90) | 0.84 (0.80, 0.88) | 0.86 (0.82, 0.90) | 0.88 (0.84, 0.91) | 0.87 (0.83, 0.91) | 0.85 (0.81, 0.90) |
| Visceral fat | ||||||
| R2 | 0.94 | 0.93 | 0.93 | 0.9 | 0.87 | 0.89 |
| RMSE (L) | 0.35 | 0.38 | 0.38 | 0.45 | 0.51 | 0.47 |
| MAE (L) | 0.26 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.33 | 0.37 | 0.36 |
| Calibration-in-the-large (L) | − 0.02 (− 0.11, 0.07) | − 0.16 (− 0.26, − 0.06) | − 0.17 (− 0.27, − 0.06) | − 0.02 (− 0.12, 0.09) | 0.01 (− 0.11, 0.13) | − 0.07 (− 0.18, 0.05) |
| Calibration slope | 0.99 (0.95, 1.02) | 1.03 (1.00, 1.07) | 1.04 (1.01, 1.08) | 0.93 (0.90, 0.97) | 0.93 (0.89, 0.97) | 0.96 (0.92, 1.00) |
| Subcutaneous fat | ||||||
| R2 | 0.61 | 0.44 | 0.44 | 0.52 | 0.53 | 0.47 |
| RMSE (L) | 3.16 | 3.8 | 3.8 | 3.51 | 3.48 | 3.71 |
| MAE (L) | 2.7 | 3.4 | 3.4 | 3.02 | 2.96 | 3.2 |
| Calibration-in-the-large (L) | − 0.30 (− 0.89, 0.29) | − 0.71 (− 1.31, − 0.10) | − 0.78 (− 1.40, − 0.16) | 0.16 (− 0.39, 0.72) | 0.35 (− 0.21, 0.91) | 0.06 (− 0.53, 0.66) |
| Calibration slope | 0.85 (0.81, 0.89) | 0.84 (0.80, 0.87) | 0.84 (0.81, 0.88) | 0.80 (0.77, 0.84) | 0.80 (0.76, 0.83) | 0.80 (0.77, 0.84) |
| After updating models | ||||||
| Muscle | ||||||
| R2 | 0.91 | 0.88 | 0.89 | 0.89 | 0.87 | 0.88 |
| RMSE (L) | 1.15 | 1.33 | 1.29 | 1.28 | 1.38 | 1.35 |
| MAE (L) | 0.81 | 0.88 | 0.86 | 0.88 | 0.93 | 0.93 |
| Calibration-in-the-large (L) | − 0.04 | 0.38 | 0.13 | − 0.25 | − 0.05 | 0.12 |
| (− 0.71, 0.63) | (− 0.38, 1.15) | (− 0.63, 0.88) | (− 1.01, 0.51) | (− 0.87, 0.77) | (− 0.67, 0.92) | |
| Calibration slope | 1.01 | 0.84 | 1 | 0.88 | 1.01 | 1 |
| (0.97, 1.04) | (0.80, 0.88) | (0.95, 1.04) | (0.84, 0.91) | (0.96, 1.06) | (0.95, 1.04) | |
| Visceral fat | ||||||
| R2 | 0.94 | 0.92 | 0.92 | 0.92 | 0.88 | 0.9 |
| RMSE (L) | 0.34 | 0.4 | 0.41 | 0.39 | 0.48 | 0.45 |
| MAE (L) | 0.25 | 0.3 | 0.31 | 0.28 | 0.35 | 0.32 |
| Calibration-in-the-large (L) | − 0.02 | − 0.16 | − 0.17 | − 0.02 | 0.01 | − 0.07 |
| (− 0.11, 0.07) | (− 0.26, − 0.06) | (− 0.27, − 0.06) | (− 0.12, 0.09) | (− 0.11, 0.13) | (− 0.18, 0.05) | |
| Calibration slope | 1.02 | 1.03 | 1.04 | 0.93 | 1.03 | 0.96 |
| (0.99, 1.05) | (1.00, 1.07) | (1.01, 1.08) | (0.90, 0.97) | (0.99, 1.08) | (0.92, 1.00) | |
| Subcutaneous fat | ||||||
| R2 | 0.9 | 0.89 | 0.88 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.89 |
| RMSE (L) | 1.63 | 1.71 | 1.76 | 1.57 | 1.6 | 1.67 |
| MAE (L) | 1.23 | 1.3 | 1.35 | 1.14 | 1.17 | 1.24 |
| Calibration-in-the-large (L) | − 0.3 | − 0.71 | − 0.78 | 0.16 | 0.35 | 0.06 |
| (− 0.89, 0.29) | (− 1.31, − 0.10) | (− 1.40, − 0.16) | (− 0.39, 0.72) | (− 0.21, 0.91) | (− 0.53, 0.66) | |
| Calibration slope | 1.05 | 1.1 | 1.11 | 1.01 | 0.99 | 1.02 |
| (1.00, 1.09) | (1.05, 1.14) | (1.06, 1.15) | (0.97, 1.05) | (0.94, 1.03) | (0.97, 1.06) | |
RMSE Root-mean-squared error, MAE Mean absolute error
Data in parentheses indicate 95% confidence intervals