Table 2C.
Sub-level | Factor | Consumer behavior | Evidence* (References) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Consumption | Purchase | What | How | Positive association | Negative association | Significant difference | No association/no significant difference | ||
Lifestyle | Tobacco use/smoking | F | x | (65) | (32, 65, 67) | ||||
F | x | (63) | (63) | (54, 63) | |||||
V | x | (32, 65, 67) | |||||||
V | x | (63) | (63) | (54, 63) | |||||
FV | x | (54, 67) | |||||||
Alcohol consumption/drinking habits | F | x | (32, 67) | ||||||
F | x | (54) | |||||||
V | x | (32, 67) | |||||||
V | x | (54) | |||||||
FV | x | (54) | (67) | ||||||
Convenience | V | x | (68) | ||||||
FV | x | (45) | |||||||
Time | FV | x | (37, 66) | ||||||
Physical activity | F | x | (67) | ||||||
V | x | (67) | |||||||
FV | x | (67) | |||||||
Purchased sugar-sweetened beverages | FV | x | (60) | ||||||
Vegetarianism | F | x | (32) | ||||||
V | x | (32) | |||||||
V | x | (56) | |||||||
Eating out | FV | x | (66) | ||||||
Buy FV daily or weekly | FV | x | (60) | ||||||
Ownership of a vehicle, Travel to purchase groceries, Ease of transportation | F | x | (73) | ||||||
F | x | (73) | |||||||
V | x | (73) | |||||||
V | x | (73) | |||||||
FV | x | (60) | (60) | ||||||
Access to information technology (internet, radio, nr. of mobile phones) | F | x | (73) | (73) | |||||
V | x | (73) | |||||||
F | x | (73) | (73) | ||||||
V | x | (73) | |||||||
Exposure to media—reading newspapers, magazines | F | x | (31) | ||||||
V | x | (31) | (31) | ||||||
Exposure to media—listening to radio | F | x | (31) | (31) | |||||
V | x | (31) | |||||||
Exposure to media—watching television | F | x | (31) | (31) | |||||
V | x | (31) |
Evidence: Positive or negative association: Relationship for positive or negative association qualified as statistically significant at the 5% level, based on correlation and regression analysis. Significant differences: tested e.g.„ via t-tests; ANOVA; No association, no significant difference: not statistically significant, or no association. F, Fruit; FV, Fruit and vegetables combined; V, Vegetables; What: Quantities consumed, amount spent for purchasing FV; % of people consuming F, V or FV; How: Represents the frequency of consumption or purchase.