Table 1.
Personal and health characteristics of overall cohort and study groups after inverse probability weighting. Values are number (percentage) unless stated otherwise
| Characteristics | Overall cohort (n=229 286) | No treatment group (n=217 814) | Molnupiravir group (n=11 472) | Absolute SMD between molnupiravir and no treatment group |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (SD) age (years) | 69.78 (11.66) | 69.83 (11.64) | 69.73 (11.68) | 0.01 |
| Race: | ||||
| White | 181 457 (79.14) | 172 581 (79.23) | 9068 (79.05) | 0.005 |
| Black | 37 328 (16.28) | 35 325 (16.22) | 1875 (16.34) | 0.003 |
| Other | 10 501 (4.58) | 9908 (4.55) | 529 (4.61) | 0.003 |
| Ethnicity: | ||||
| Hispanic | 14 743 (6.43) | 13 934 (6.40) | 742 (6.47) | 0.003 |
| Non-Hispanic | 214 543 (93.57) | 203 880 (93.60) | 10 730 (93.53) | 0.003 |
| Sex: | ||||
| Men | 210 072 (91.62) | 199 718 (91.69) | 10 503 (91.55) | 0.005 |
| Women | 19 214 (8.38) | 18 096 (8.31) | 969 (8.45) | 0.005 |
| Smoking status: | ||||
| Never | 88 160 (38.45) | 83 569 (38.37) | 4420 (38.53) | 0.003 |
| Former | 104 715 (45.67) | 99 450 (45.66) | 5241 (45.69) | 0.001 |
| Current | 36 411 (15.88) | 34 796 (15.98) | 1811 (15.79) | 0.005 |
| Mean (SD) area deprivation index* | 54.99 (18.95) | 55.07 (18.94) | 54.91 (18.96) | 0.01 |
| Long term care | 4448 (1.94) | 4208 (1.93) | 223 (1.94) | 0.001 |
| Covid-19 vaccination status: | ||||
| None | 29 119 (12.70) | 27 625 (12.68) | 1460 (12.73) | 0.001 |
| 1 vaccine dose | 6443 (2.81) | 6114 (2.81) | 322 (2.81) | <0.001 |
| 2 vaccine doses | 48 586 (21.19) | 46 079 (21.16) | 2434 (21.22) | 0.002 |
| Booster dose | 145 138 (63.30) | 137 996 (63.36) | 7256 (63.25) | 0.002 |
| Mean (SD) BMI | 30.89 (6.52) | 30.89 (6.59) | 30.89 (6.44) | <0.001 |
| Mean (SD) eGFR (mL/min/1.73m2) | 74.34 (19.15) | 74.27 (19.18) | 74.41 (19.11) | 0.01 |
| Mean (SD) systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 134.28 (11.47) | 134.28 (11.46) | 134.27 (11.48) | <0.001 |
| Mean (SD) diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 77.10 (6.89) | 77.10 (6.89) | 77.11 (6.89) | <0.001 |
| History of SARS-CoV-2 infection | 41 088 (17.92) | 39 150 (17.97) | 2049 (17.86) | 0.003 |
| Use of steroid | 31 733 (13.84) | 30 514 (14.01) | 1569 (13.68) | <0.001 |
| Medicines that would have drug-drug interaction with nirmatrelvir-ritonavir: | ||||
| Require an alternative covid-19 treatment | 25 520 (11.13) | 24 785 (11.38) | 1249 (10.89) | 0.02 |
| Require temporary suspension of concomitant drug | 150 778 (65.76) | 143 762 (66.00) | 7517 (65.53) | 0.01 |
| Require adjustment of concomitant drug dosing | 128 859 (56.20) | 123032 (56.49) | 6414 (55.91) | 0.01 |
| Require monitoring for adverse effects | 121 063 (52.80) | 115 559 (53.05) | 6027 (52.54) | 0.01 |
| Comorbidities: | ||||
| Cancer | 53 515 (23.34) | 50 997 (23.41) | 2668 (23.26) | 0.004 |
| Chronic lung disease | 77 911 (33.98) | 74 336 (34.13) | 3882 (33.84) | 0.006 |
| Dementia | 26 987 (11.77) | 25 761 (11.83) | 1344 (11.72) | 0.003 |
| Type 2 diabetes mellitus | 103 958 (45.34) | 99 051 (45.48) | 5186 (45.21) | 0.005 |
| Cardiovascular disease | 111 754 (48.74) | 106 799 (49.03) | 5557 (48.44) | 0.01 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 100 427 (43.80) | 95 498 (43.84) | 5019 (43.75) | 0.002 |
| Liver disease | 871 (0.38) | 828 (0.38) | 44 (0.38) | 0.001 |
| Immune dysfunction | 11 304 (4.93) | 10 767 (4.94) | 563 (4.91) | 0.002 |
| Mean (SD) No of hospital admissions† | 0.32 (0.90) | 0.32 (0.87) | 0.32 (0.92) | 0.01 |
| Mean (SD) No of outpatient visits† | 3.68 (1.45) | 3.68 (1.45) | 3.67 (1.44) | 0.01 |
| Mean (SD) No of blood panel tests† | 8.55 (9.71) | 8.61 (9.53) | 8.49 (9.89) | 0.01 |
| Mean (SD) No of drugs† | 14.02 (8.46) | 14.08 (8.48) | 13.97 (8.44) | 0.01 |
| Mean (SD) No of hospital admissions from Medicare | 0.06 (0.32) | 0.06 (0.34) | 0.06 (0.31) | <0.001 |
| Mean (SD) No of outpatient visits from Medicare | 0.22 (0.75) | 0.23 (0.76) | 0.22 (0.74) | 0.01 |
| Influenza vaccine | 173 019 (75.46) | 164 552 (75.55) | 8646 (75.37) | 0.004 |
| Mean (SD) calendar week of SARS-CoV-2 infection | 30.49 (14.18) | 30.58 (14.15) | 30.39 (14.2) | 0.01 |
BMI=body mass index; eGFR=estimated glomerular filtration rate; SMD=standardized mean difference; SD=standard deviation.
*
Measure of socioeconomic disadvantage from low to high disadvantage (range 0-100).
†
Data collected within one year before study enrollment.