Table 4.
Hierarchical linear regression for predicting depression
| Variable (PHQ-9) | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 4 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| B (SE) | β | B (SE) | β | B (SE) | β | B (SE) | β | |
| Sex (ref=Men) | 0.820 (0.229)*** | .068 | 0.806 (0.224)*** | .067 | 0.661 (0.201)** | .055 | 0.429 (0.203)* | .035 |
| Age | -0.083 (0.010)*** | -.187 | -0.072 (0.010)*** | -.162 | -0.057 (0.009)*** | -.128 | -0.058 (0.009)*** | -.130 |
| Marital status (ref=Unmarried/Divorced/Bereaved) | ||||||||
| Married | -0.125 (0.288) | -.010 | -0.132 (0.283) | -.010 | -0.535 (0.247)* | -.042 | -0.577 (0.245)* | -.046 |
| Monthly household income | -0.155 (0.050)** | -.061 | -0.153 (0.049)** | -.060 | -0.100 (0.043)* | -.039 | -0.067 (0.043) | -.026 |
| Subjective health status | -1.749 (0.154)*** | -.217 | -1.445 (0.155)*** | -.180 | -0.998 (0.136)*** | -.124 | -0.941 (0.136)*** | -.117 |
| Risk Perception | 1.588 (0.204)*** | .149 | 0.459 (0.182)* | .043 | 0.266 (0.184) | .025 | ||
| COVID-19 infection-related experiences | 2.282 (0.320)*** | .134 | 1.492 (0.280)*** | .087 | 1.517 (0.277)*** | .089 | ||
| Resources loss | 4.063 (0.156)*** | .454 | 3.763 (0.163)*** | .420 | ||||
| Change in employment status (ref=economically inactive population) | ||||||||
| Maintained employment status and income | 0.192 (0.249) | .015 | 0.135 (0.248) | .011 | ||||
| Maintained employment status but reduced income | 1.226 (0.271)*** | .088 | 1.194 (0.269)*** | .085 | ||||
| Lost job | 1.443 (0.381)*** | .067 | 1.532 (0.378)*** | .071 | ||||
| Social support | -0.693 (0.124)*** | -.093 | ||||||
| Fear of social stigma | 0.564 (0.125)*** | .079 | ||||||
| Trust in neighborhood | -0.175 (0.162) | -.018 | ||||||
| F (p-value) | 53.86 (<.001) | 56.59 (<.001) | 122.9 (<.001) | 102.3 (<.001) | ||||
| R2(adj.R2 | .096 (.094) | .135 (.133) | .348 (0.345) | .361 (0.358) | ||||
| ΔR2 | .039*** | .213*** | .013 | |||||
* p < .05, ** p < .01, *** p < .001