Table 4. Associations of Regional ePVS Volumes With Structural MRI Indices^a.

Structural MRI index	Anatomic location
	Basal ganglia, −1 × x−0.2		Thalamus, x0.3		Insular region, x0.35		Brainstem, x0.425		Frontoparietal region, x0.05		Temporal region, ln(x)
	β (95% CI)	P value	β (95% CI)	P value	β (95% CI)	P value	β (95% CI)	P value	β (95% CI)	P value	β (95% CI)	P value
Total gray matter volume	−8.30 × 103 (−2.58 × 104 to 9.21 × 103)	.35	2.87 × 104 (−1.34 × 104 to 7.07 × 104)	.18	−4.83 × 104 (−8.62 × 104 to −1.03 × 104)	.01	9.07 × 104 (−1.70 × 104 to 1.98 × 105)	.10	8.04 × 104 (9.99 × 103 to 1.51 × 105)	.03	4.80 × 103 (2.12 × 103 to 7.49 × 103)	<.001b
Total WMH volume, x0.025	3.32 × 10−1 (2.83 × 10−1 to 3.82 × 10−1)	<.001b	4.50 × 10−1 (3.24 × 10−1 to 5.75 × 10−1)	<.001b	−2.06 × 10−1 (−3.21 × 10−1 to −9.01 × 10−2)	<.001b	1.18 × 10−1 (−2.14 × 10−1 to 4.49 × 10−1)	.49	−2.28 × 10−1 (−4.43 × 10−1 to −1.34 × 10−2)	.04	−5.42 × 10−3 (−1.37 × 10−2 to 2.82 × 10−3)	.20
Presence of CMBs, OR	1.08 × 101 (2.85 to 4.19 × 101)	<.001b	1.62 × 102 (6.75 to 4.05 × 103)	.002b	7.65 × 10−1 (4.40 × 10−2 to 1.33 × 101)	.85	1.67 × 103 (4.95 × 10−1 to 6.14 × 106)	.07	7.19 × 101 (3.60 × 10−1 to 1.49 × 104)	.12	1.19 (9.68 × 10−1 to 1.45)	.10
Total WM fractional anisotropy	−5.42 × 10−2 (−6.74 × 10−2 to −4.11 × 10−2)	<.001b	−7.04 × 10−2 (−1.03 × 10−1 to −3.80 × 10−2)	<.001b	−3.19 × 10−2 (−6.16 × 10−2 to −2.29 × 10−3)	.04	−4.89 × 10−2 (−1.33 × 10−1 to 3.47 × 10−2)	.25	−7.19 × 10−2 (−1.27 × 10−1 to −1.72 × 10−2)	.01	−2.45 × 10−3 (−4.54 × 10−3 to −3.55 × 10−4)	.02

Abbreviations: CMBs, cerebral microbleeds; ePVS, enlarged perivascular space; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; OR, odds ratio; WM, white matter; WMH, white matter hyperintensity.

^a Results from generalized linear models with structural MRI indices as the outcomes, and regional ePVS volumes as variables; models were adjusted for age, sex, race and ethnicity, field center, and intracranial volume. Regional ePVS volumes and total WMH volume have undergone the Tukey ladder of powers transformation. Values represent β coefficients, reflecting the change in the response variable for 1-increment increase in the transformed variable, and their respective 95% CIs and raw P values.

^b Significant after false-discovery rate control at 5% using the Benjamini-Hochberg procedure.