Table. Characteristics of Patients From the Study Cohort and Literature Review.
| Characteristic | No./total No. (%)a | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Study cohort | Literature review patients | All patients with S-PML | |
| Sex | |||
| Female | 4/21 (19) | 12/34 (33) | 26/55 (47) |
| Male | 17/21 (81) | 22/34 (67) | 29/55 (53) |
| Race and ethnicityb | |||
| Black | 8/21 (38) | NA | |
| White, non-Hispanic | 13/21 (62) | NA | |
| Age at NSO, y | |||
| <40 | 3/21 (14) | 8/35 (19) | 11/56 (20) |
| 40-60 | 11/21 (52) | 20/35 (62) | 31/56 (55) |
| >60 | 7/21 (33) | 7/35 (19) | 14/56 (25) |
| Method of PML diagnosis | |||
| Biopsy | 9/20 (45) | 14/26 (75) | 23/46 (50) |
| CSF | 11/20 (55) | 12/26 (25) | 23/46 (50) |
| S-PML latency, mo | |||
| Simultaneous | 9/21 (46) | 18/31 (58) | 27/52 (52) |
| 1-3 | 3/21 (14) | 1/31 (3) | 4/52 (7) |
| 4-24 | 2/21 (10) | 4/31 (13) | 6/52 (12) |
| 25-48 | 3/21 (14) | 1/31 (3) | 4/52 (7) |
| 49-84 | 3/21 (10) | 2/31 (6) | 4/52 (7) |
| 85-168 | 1/21 (5) | 2/31 (6) | 3/52 (6) |
| 169-336 | 0/21 | 3/31 (10) | 3/52 (6) |
| Sarcoidosis sites | |||
| Lung only | 14/21 (67) | 4/23 (15) | 18/44 (41) |
| Multisystem (≥2 sites) | 7/21 (33) | 19/23 (85) | 26/44 (59) |
| Serum CD4+ count at PML diagnosis | |||
| <200/μL | 8/14 (57) | 8/19 (42) | 16/33 (48) |
| 201/μL-500/μL | 6/14 (43) | 11/19 (58) | 17/33 (52) |
| Serum absolute lymphocyte count at PML diagnosis | |||
| ≤499/μL | 2/18 (11) | 2/14 (21) | 4/32 (13) |
| 500/μL-1000/μL | 11/18 (61) | 7/14 (50) | 18/32 (56) |
| ≥1001/μL | 5/18 (28) | 5/14 (29) | 10/32 (31) |
| MRI features | |||
| Contrast enhancement | 6/21 (29) | 2/31 (6) | 8/52 (15) |
| Infratentorial lesions only | 6/20 (30) | 2/27 (27) | 8/47 (17) |
| Supratentorial lesions only | 8/20 (40) | 25/27 (58) | 33/47 (70) |
| Mixed supratentorial and infratentorial lesions | 6/20 (30) | 0/27 | 6/47 (13) |
| Received IM after NSO | 4/20 (20) | 17/25 (68) | 21/45 (47) |
| PML treatment | |||
| Pembrolizumab | 5/21 (24) | 1/25 (4) | 6/46 (13) |
| Interleukins | 0/21 | 2/25 (8) | 2/46 (4) |
| PyVST | 2/21 (10) | 0/25 | 2/46 (4) |
| Cytarabine | 2/21 (10) | 1/25 (4) | 3/46 (7) |
| Infliximab | 3/21 (14) | 4/25 (16) | 7/46 (15) |
| Mirtazapine | 9/21 (43) | 15/25 (56) | 24/46 (52) |
| Mefloquine | 6/21 (29) | 9/25 (32) | 15/46 (33) |
| Cidofovir | 1/21 (5) | 5/25 (52) | 6/46 (13) |
| Patient outcome | |||
| mRS score 0-1 (no symptoms or no significant disability) | 1/17 (6) | 0/18 | 1/35 (3) |
| mRS score 2-3 (slight or moderate disability) | 3/17 (18) | 3/18 (12) | 6/35 (17) |
| mRS score 4-5 (moderately severe or severe disability) | 3/17 (18) | 4/18 (24) | 7/35 (20) |
| Mortality (mRS score 6) | 10/17 (59) | 11/18 (65) | 21/35 (60) |
Abbreviations: CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; IM, immune modulation; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; mRS, modified Rankin scale; NA, not available; NSO, neurologic symptom onset; PML, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy; PyVST, polyoma virus–specific T-cell therapy; S-PML, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in the context of sarcoidosis.
a
Cohort descriptions of patients from this study (study cohort), patients from the literature review, and summed totals of patients from the study cohort and literature review (all patients with S-PML).
b
Race and ethnicity were self-reported by the patients in the study cohort.