Table 1.
Participant characteristics by metabolic syndrome status at visit 2 for adults in the Hispanic Health Community Study/Study of Latinos
| Participant characteristics | Total, N = 6857 | No metabolic syndrome, n = 5274 | Metabolic syndrome, n = 1571 | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean (± SE) | 37.54 (0.27) | 36.37 (0.29) | 42.66 (0.57) | <.001 |
| Sex, n (%) | .581 | |||
| Female | 4173 (51) | 3186 (51) | 987 (50) | |
| Male | 2672 (49) | 2088 (49) | 584 (50) | |
| Education, n (%) | .001 | |||
| ≤High school or less | 4100 (58) | 3105 (56) | 995 (65) | |
| >High school | 2727 (42) | 2155 (44) | 572 (35) | |
| Income n (%) | .004 | |||
| < $10,000 | 852 (13) | (632) (12) | 217 (7) | |
| $10,001–$20,000 | 1965 (31) | 1496 (31) | 468 (33) | |
| $20,001–$40,000 | 2259 (34) | 1749 (35) | 507 (33) | |
| $40,001–$75,000 | 918 (15) | 740 (16) | 176 (13) | |
| > $75,000 | 321 (6) | 260 (6) | 61 (4) | |
| Employment status, n (%) | .237 | |||
| Employed | 55 (3869) | 2198 (56) | 690 (53) | |
| Unemployed | retired | 2888 (45) | 3006 (44) | 863 (47) | |
| Language preference, n (%) | <.001 | |||
| Spanish | 5495 (73) | 4163 (71) | 1332 (81) | |
| English | 1350 (27) | 1111 (29) | 239 (19) | |
| Years in the United States combined with nativity, n (%) | <.001 | |||
| U.S. born | 1184 (25) | 965 (26) | 219 (19) | |
| Years in the United States ≥10 | 3912 (45) | 2927 (43) | 985 (51) | |
| Years in the United States <10 | 1724 (31) | 1360 (31) | 364 (29) | |
| Hispanic/Latino heritage, n (%) | .756 | |||
| Dominican | 659 (11) | 524 (11) | 135 (10) | |
| Central or South American | 1272 (13) | 984 (13) | 288 (13) | |
| Cuban | 904 (19) | 697 (19) | 207 (20) | |
| Mexican | 2851 (38) | 2159 (37) | 692 (39) | |
| Puerto Rican | 946 (14) | 741 (15) | 205 (14) | |
| Other/ >1 background group | 198 (5) | 157 (5) | 41 (5) | |
| Marital status, n (%) | .404 | |||
| Married | 3644 (47) | 2806 (47) | 838 (49) | |
| Other | 3182 (53) | 2453 (53) | 729 (51) | |
| Health insurance, n (%) | .239 | |||
| Private | 1560 (21) | 1222 (21) | 338 (18) | |
| Public | 1368 (22) | 1026 (22) | 342 (23) | |
| Uninsured | 3828 (57) | 2957 (57) | 871 (59) |
Note. SE = standard error. Metabolic syndrome at visit 2 was defined as those who met criteria for the syndrome at visit 2 and did not have the syndrome at visit 1. All analysis was weighted for complex survey design and non-response in the full sample. A total of 12 participants were missing on metabolic syndrome data at visit 2. Statistical tests are two-sided.