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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Apr 25.
Published in final edited form as: Environ Int. 2020 Oct 27;146:106187. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106187

TABLE 1.

Sociodemographic, behavioral, and farm characteristics of Agricultural Health Study applicators (N=53,096) stratified by incident thyroid cancer

Incident Thyroid Cancer
No Yes
N=53,011 N=85
N (%1) N (%) p-value2

Age at enrollment
 ≤30 6,191 (11.7) 12 (14.1) 0.91
 31–40 13,832 (26.1) 22 (25.9)
 41–50 13,888 (26.2) 23 (27.1)
 51–60 10,591 (20.0) 14 (16.5)
 >60 8,509 (16.1) 14 (16.5)
State
 Iowa 34,724 (65.5) 61 (71.8) 0.22
 North Carolina 18,287 (34.5) 24 (28.2)
Applicator type
 Private 48,543 (91.6) 75 (88.2) 0.27
 Commercial 4,468 (8.4) 10 (11.8)
Smoking Status
 Never 27,299 (51.5) 47 (55.3) 0.03
 Former 16,237 (30.6) 33 (38.8)
 Current 8,977 (16.9) 5 (5.9)
 Missing 498 (0.9) 0 (0)
Body Mass Index (kg/m2)
 <25 9,898 (18.7) 16 (18.8) 0.67
 25–29.9 19,569 (36.9) 36 (42.4)
 ≥30 8,999 (17.0) 11 (12.9)
 Missing 14,545 (27.4) 22 (25.9)
Thyroid Disease3
 No 49842 (94.0) 70 (82.4) <0.001
 Yes 3169 (6.0) 15 (17.4)
Major Farm Crops/Animals
 Cattle 20,972 (39.6) 29 (34.1) 0.31
 Hogs 16,470 (31.1) 25 (29.4) 0.74
 Alfalfa 10,743 (20.3) 17 (20.0) 0.95
 Field Corn 36,731 (69.3) 58 (68.2) 0.83
 Hay 15,825 (29.9) 24 (28.2) 0.74
 Soybeans 34,617 (65.3) 51 (60.0) 0.30
 Tobacco 7,721 (14.6) 11 (12.9) 0.67
Histologic subtype4
 Papillary 66 (77.7)
 Follicular 11 (12.9)
 Medullary 5 (5.9)
 Other/NOS (3.5)
1

Percentages may not sum to 100 due to rounding

2

Chi-square test for homogeneity

3

Ns based on a single imputation

4

ICD-O-3 morphology codes: Papillary (8050, 8260, 8340–8344, 8350, 8450), Follicular (8330–8332, 8335, 8290), Medullary (8510, 8345)