TABLE 2.
Inferred routes of evolution of orthopoxvirus proteins
| Evolutionary/functional category | No. of genes | OPG (genes)a |
|---|---|---|
| Virus hallmark genes | 3 | 125 (D13L), 160 (A32L), 117 (D5R) |
| Radical exaptation, enzymes recruited for structural roles | 18 | 20 (C10L), 31 (C4L), 55 (F11L)b, 56 (F12L), 61 (F16L), 64 (E2L), 74 (O1L)b, 97 (L3R)b, 98 (L4R)b, 115 (D3R)b, 116 (D4R), 120 (D8L), 129 (A3L)b, 148 (A20R)b, 165 (A37R), 175 (A45R)c, 181 (A51R), 198 (B12R) |
| Conservative exaptation, proteins recruited for new function based on the same activity | 95 | 2-6 (C23L-16L), 8-11, 13-17, 19 (C11R), 21-23, 25 (C9L), 29 (C6L), 30 (C5L), 32-34 (C3L-1L), 35-36 (N1L-2L), 37 (M1L), 39-41 (K1L-3L), 44 (K7R), 45 (F1L), 47 (F3L), 49 (F5L), 54 (F10L), 57 (F13L), 63 (E1L), 65 (E3L), 67 (E5R), 72 (E10R), 83 (I7L), 82 (I6L)b, 84 (I8R), 85 (G1L), 89 (G5R), 91 (G6R), 93 (G8R), 106 (H1L), 108 (H3L), 113 (D1R), 118 (D6R), 121-124 (D9R, D10R, D11L, D12L), 133 (A7L), 145 (A18R), 146 (A19R), 150 (A23R)b, 159 (A31R), 161 (A33R), 162 (A34R), 167-169 (A38L-40L), 176 (A46R), 177 (A47L), 179 (A49R), 182-185 (A52R-56Rb), 187-191 (B1R-6R), 193 (B8R), 194d, 196 (B10R), 199-201 (B13R-16R), 203-205 (B18R-20R), 206, 208 (C12L), 210d, 211 (C15L), 212-214 |
| Direct functional recruitment | 30 | 42 (K4L), 43 (K5L, K6L), 46 (F2L), 48 (F4L), 66 (E4L), 71 (E9L), 75 (O2L), 77 (I1L)b, 79 (I3L), 80 (I4L), 88 (G4L), 90 (G5.5R), 101 (J2R), 102 (J3R), 103 (J4R), 105 (J6R), 109 (H4L), 111 (H6R), 119 (D7R), 127 (A2L)b, 131 (A5R), 134 (A8R)b, 149 (A22R), 151 (A24R), 156 (A29L), 171 (A42R), 174 (A44L), 178 (A48R), 180 (A50R), 186 (A57R) |
| Origin unknown | 68 | 1, 7, 12, 18, 24, 26 (C8L), 27 (C7L), 28, 38 (M2L), 50-53 (F6L-9L), 58 (A14L), 59 (A14.5L), 60 (F15L), 62 (F17R), 68-70 (E6R-8R), 73 (E11L), 76 (O3L), 78 (O2L), 81 (I5L), 86 (G3L), 87 (G2R), 92 (G7L) 94 (G9R), 95-96 (L1R-2R), 99 (5R), 100 (J1R), 104 (J5L), 107 (H2R), 110 (H5R), 112 (H7R), 114 (D2L), 126 (A1L), 128 (A2.5L), 130 (A4L), 132 (A6L), 135-139 (A9L-13L), 140 (A14L), 141 (A14.5L), 142 (A15L), 143 (A16L), 144 (A17L), 147 (A21L), 152-155 (A25L-28L), 157 (A30L), 158 (A30.5L), 163 (A35R), 164 (A36R), 166, 170 (A41L), 172 (A43R), 173 (A43.5R), 192 (B7R), 195 (B9R), 197 (B11R), 202 (B17L), 207 (C11.5R), 209 (C13L, C14L) |
a
OPG numbers are indicated, with the VACV-Copenhagen gene names given in parentheses, if available.
b
The OPGs for which the structure was predicted and the origin was inferred in this work.
c
OPG116 (uracil DNA glycosylase) and OPG175 (superoxide dismutase) are special cases of exaptation in which the enzymatic activity is retained, but the principal role of the protein in ORPV is structural.
d
OPGs194 and 210 are multidomain membrane spanning proteins with one domain resembling the Ig protein superfamily. Most of the protein is modeled with low confidence and gives no convincing match.