Table 3.
Risk of study outcomes between participants with normoglycaemia, prediabetes and diabetes, by sex
| Males (n = 8,215) | Females (n = 10,601) | P for interaction | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Events (rate)a | HR (95% CI)b | Events (rate)a | HR (95% CI)b | ||
| Loss of disability-free survival | |||||
| Normoglycaemia | 783 (27.0) | 1 (Ref) | 927 (19.7) | 1 (Ref) | |
| Prediabetes | 398 (24.4) | 0.89 (0.79–1.01) | 326 (22.4) | 1.15 (1.01–1.32) | 0.005 |
| Diabetes | 217 (34.9) | 1.24 (1.03–1.51) | 178 (30.0) | 1.54 (1.26–1.87) | 0.13 |
| All-cause mortality | |||||
| Normoglycaemia | 557 (18.2) | 1 (Ref) | 542 (10.9) | 1 (Ref) | |
| Prediabetes | 276 (16.2) | 0.88 (0.76–1.02) | 215 (13.9) | 1.29 (1.09–1.52) | 0.001 |
| Diabetes | 174 (26.5) | 1.49 (1.20–1.84) | 102 (15.8) | 1.36 (1.05–1.78) | 0.62 |
| Incident dementia | |||||
| Normoglycaemia | 242 (8.4) | 1 (Ref) | 319 (6.8) | 1 (Ref) | |
| Prediabetes | 106 (6.5) | 0.83 (0.65–1.05) | 92 (6.3) | 1.10 (0.86–1.40) | 0.10 |
| Diabetes | 55 (8.8) | 1.07 (0.75–1.55) | 47 (7.9) | 1.17 (0.81–1.71) | 0.74 |
| Persistent physical disability | |||||
| Normoglycaemia | 173 (6.3) | 1 (Ref) | 268 (6.0) | 1 (Ref) | |
| Prediabetes | 81 (5.3) | 0.76 (0.58–1.00) | 87 (6.4) | 0.93 (0.72–1.20) | 0.30 |
| Diabetes | 43 (7.4) | 1.08 (0.72–1.63) | 74 (13.5) | 2.32 (1.70–3.16) | 0.004 |
| CIND | |||||
| Normoglycaemia | 1,118 (45.9) | 1 (Ref) | 1,667 (43.5) | 1 (Ref) | |
| Prediabetes | 590 (43.7) | 0.96 (0.86–1.06) | 508 (43.3) | 1.03 (0.93–1.15) | 0.31 |
| Diabetes | 249 (49.6) | 1.14 (0.95–1.36) | 262 (56.0) | 1.30 (1.10–1.53) | 0.29 |
| MACE | |||||
| Normoglycaemia | 334 (11.8) | 1 (Ref) | 314 (6.8) | 1 (Ref) | |
| Prediabetes | 206 (13.0) | 1.01 (0.85–1.21) | 116 (8.1) | 1.17 (0.93–1.46) | 0.33 |
| Diabetes | 95 (15.8) | 1.28 (0.96–1.71) | 52 (8.8) | 1.30 (0.91–1.86) | 0.97 |
| Any cardiovascular event | |||||
| Normoglycaemia | 393 (13.9) | 1 (Ref) | 404 (8.7) | 1 (Ref) | |
| Prediabetes | 231 (14.7) | 0.96 (0.81–1.14) | 145 (10.2) | 1.14 (0.94–1.39) | 0.20 |
| Diabetes | 108 (18.0) | 1.21 (0.93–1.59) | 67 (11.4) | 1.27 (0.93–1.75) | 0.84 |
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; CIND, cognitive impairment no dementia; HR, hazard ratio; MACE, major adverse cardiovascular events.
aRate indicates crude incidence rate per 1,000 person-years.
bHR was weighted HR and was adjusted for ASPREE randomised treatment (aspirin/placebo).
Bold values denote statistical significance at the p < 0.05 level.