Table 1.
Patient Characteristics
| Parameters, unit | Protocol 1 (n=26) | Protocol 2 (n=11) |
|---|---|---|
|
| ||
| Sex, male/female | 20/6 | 8/3 |
| Age, y | 72 ± 1 | 74 ± 2 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 27 ± 1 | 27 ± 1 |
| Diagnosis, % (n) | ||
| PAF | 54 (14) | 73 (8) |
| MSA | 15 (4) | - |
| PD+AF | 12 (3) | 18 (2) |
| AF of unknown cause | 12 (3) | 9 (1) |
| DLB | 7 (2) | - |
| Medical history, % (n) | ||
| Essential HTN | 46 (12) | 46 (5) |
| OSA | 31 (8) | 64 (7) |
| Supine | ||
| Systolic BP, mmHg | 168 ± 5 | 179 ± 7 |
| Diastolic BP, mmHg | 88 ± 3 | 91 ± 4 |
| Heart rate, bpm | 66 ± 3 | 58 ± 2 |
| Plasma norepinephrine, pg/mL | 202 ± 39 | 153 ± 27 |
| Upright | ||
| Systolic BP, mmHg | 96 ± 5 | 85 ± 8 |
| Diastolic BP, mmHg | 61 ± 3 | 56 ± 4 |
| Heart rate, bpm | 74 ± 3 | 69 ± 3 |
| Plasma norepinephrine, pg/mL | 285 ± 43 | 249 ± 39 |
Data are presented as mean±SEM. Protocol 1, acute hemodynamic effects of graded levels of CPAP on awake patients with autonomic failure (AF). Protocol 2, overnight treatment with CPAP vs. placebo. AF, autonomic failure; BMI, body mass index; DLB, dementia with Lewy bodies; HTN, hypertension; MSA, multiple system atrophy; PAF, pure AF; PD+AF, Parkinson disease with AF; OSA, obstructive sleep apnea.