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. 2023 Apr 25;887:163706. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163706

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© 2023 The Authors

Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.

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Fig. 1 — Schematic view of the SARS-CoV-2 spike gene map showing primers and major mutation sites of variants of concern defined by the WHO. The indicated domains and elements, including the N-terminal domain (NTD), receptor binding domain (RBD), heptad repeats 1 and 2 (HR1 and HR2), transmembrane domain (TM) and cytoplasmic domain (CP), are marked. WHO, World Health Organization; PANGO, Phylogenetic Assignment of Named Global Outbreak.