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. 2023 Feb 20;7(4):642–656. doi: 10.1038/s41562-023-01530-y

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 4 — Strength of the meta-analytic genetic (r_A), shared environmental (r_C) and non-shared environmental (r_E) correlations between NDDs and their homotypic (other NDDs) and heterotypic (DICCs) co-occurrences. The outer layer of each circle shows all the different NDDs and DICCs for which meta-analytic correlation estimates could be computed. Each coloured connector path indicates the strength of association between disorders; the thicker the connector path, the stronger the correlation between the two disorders. The results for family r_C and r_E are presented in Supplementary Note 1.