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. 2022 Dec 24;149(6):2709–2734. doi: 10.1007/s00432-022-04547-4

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© The Author(s) 2022

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Fig. 1 — Schematic illustration of a CAR structure. A CAR is typically composed of a specificity-conferring scFv extracellular binding domain that is linked, via spacer/hinge and transmembrane domains, to a CD3ζ intracellular signaling moiety (less commonly an FcεRIγ domain) that can include one or more intracellular costimulatory domains (CD8, CD27, CD28, CD134, CD137, 41-BB, OX40). CARs can recognize target antigens in a non-MHC dependent manner. CAR chimeric antigen receptor, ScFV single-chain variable fragment