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. 2023 Jan 17;13:150–159. doi: 10.1016/j.aninu.2023.01.005

Fig. 2.

Fig. 2

Mid or late-term thermal manipulation induces heat shock proteins (HSP) and cytokines during embryogenesis which helps the chicken to tolerate high ambient temperatures by decreasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and antioxidant enzyme activity during the rearing phase. The diagram is drawn based on the articles (Al-Zghoul et al., 2013, 2019c; Saleh et al., 2020).