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. 2023 Apr 12;14:1130662. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1130662

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Copyright © 2023 Sousa, Queiroz, Guimarães, Pantoja, Barros, Epiphanio and Martins

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Evaluation of the autophagy pathway. (A) Expression (B) Beclin-1/β-actin protein level within 30 minutes. +P<0.05 ND-BMDM 25mM- vs ND-BMDM 25mM+; (C) LC3b/β-actin protein level after 30 minutes of treatment. +P<0.05 ND-BMDM 5.5mM- vs ND-BMDM 25mM-; +P<0.05 ND-BMDM 25mM- vs ND-BMDM 25mM+; +P<0.05 D-BMDM 25mM- vs D-BMDM 25mM+; *P<0.05 ND-BMDM 25mM- vs D-BMDM 25mM-. Results represent mean ± SEM. N = 3-6. BMDM: Bone-Marrow Derived Macrophages, from diabetic (D-) and non-diabetic (ND-) C57BL/6 mice.